Tezepelumab for the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria: Results of the phase 2b INCEPTION study.

Background: Tezepelumab, an mAb inhibiting thymic stromal lymphopoietin, is an upstream-targeted therapy with potential to inhibit multiple pathways in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU).

Objective: We sought to evaluate tezepelumab efficacy and safety in patients with CSU despite treatment with second-generation H antihistamines.

Methods: This phase 2b study randomized 183 patients (125 anti-IgE therapy-naive; 58 anti-IgE therapy-experienced) to placebo every 2 weeks, tezepelumab 210 mg every 4 weeks, tezepelumab 420 mg every 2 weeks, or omalizumab 300 mg every 4 weeks (anti-IgE-naive only) for 16-week treatment.

Remibrutinib demonstrates favorable safety profile and sustained efficacy in chronic spontaneous urticaria over 52 weeks.

Background: Remibrutinib (LOU064), an oral, highly selective Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, offers fast disease control in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) who remain symptomatic despite treatment with second-generation H1 antihistamines. It is currently in phase 3 development for CSU.

Objective: We sought to evaluate long-term safety and efficacy of remibrutinib in patients with CSU inadequately controlled with H antihistamines.

A game theory data science-based mechanism for licensed pharmaceutical products concerning their deterioration: a case of a micro, small, and medium enterprise in Iran.

One of the main characteristics of health systems and pharmaceutical supply chains is their significant costs in the public sector, which has forced governments and companies active in this field to find ways to reduce costs. In this paper, the deterioration of imported pharmaceutical items is investigated as one of the challenges of the supply chain of pharmaceutical firms. Specifically, the micro, small medium enterprise (MSME), and a collaborative strategy to reduce its costs is presented.

Histopathological spectrum of duodenal polyps in a retrospective ten-year study.

Introduction And Aims:  Duodenal polyps are rare in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The present study is an experience of the histopathological spectrum of the duodenal polyps and its correlation with the clinical and endoscopic findings in a tertiary care centre.

Materials And Methods: The present study is a 10-year retrospective study from the year 2011 to 2020.

Remibrutinib, a novel BTK inhibitor, demonstrates promising efficacy and safety in chronic spontaneous urticaria.

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is inadequately controlled in many patients and greatly affects quality of life. Remibrutinib, a highly selective, oral, novel covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, might be effective in CSU.

Objective: This first-in-patient trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of remibrutinib in CSU treatment and characterize the dose-response.

Sustainability performance evaluation of the E-waste closed-loop supply chain with the SCOR model.

From a sustainability perspective, the performance of a company's supply chain will be satisfactory when it has reached in all aspects a desirable eco-environmentally friendly level. Assessing the sustainability performance in the closed-loop e-waste supply chain becomes vital because its activities are primarily targeted towards sustainability goals related to the process of production, supply, recycling, and disposal of electrical components. This study evaluates the performance of e-waste supply chain sustainability and identifies its performance indicators as a framework for evaluating supply chain performance using the Best-Worst Method (BWM), which is a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach.

COVID19 epidemic outbreak: operating rooms scheduling, specialty teams timetabling and emergency patients' assignment using the robust optimization approach.

The health care system is characterized by limited resources, including the physical facilities as well as skilled human resources. Due to the extensive fixed cost of medical facilities and the high specialization required by the medical staff, the problem of resource scarcity in a health care supply chain is much more acute than in other industries. In the pandemic of the Coronavirus, where medical services are the most important services in communities, and protective and preventive guidelines impose new restrictions on the system, the issue of resource allocation will be more complicated and significantly affect the efficiency of health care systems.

Residual Volume Responsiveness Testing May Improve the Detection of Reversible Airway Obstruction in Asthma.

Background: Residual volume responsiveness to bronchodilator administration has been observed in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the prevalence of residual volume (RV) responsiveness has not been formally studied in asthma.

Objective: To identify the prevalence and magnitude of RV responsiveness in asthma.

Effectiveness of C1-INH therapy in angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor induced angioedema.

Introduction: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEI) are a common cause of Emergency Room presentation for angioedema. Although no treatment guidelines exist, C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate (C1-INH) is used on an off label basis for management of ACEI acquired angioedema (ACEI AAE).

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of C1-INH in management of ACEI AAE at our local centers.

Comparison of antimicrobial efficacy of aqueous ozone, green tea, and normal saline as irrigants in pulpectomy procedures of primary teeth.

Aim: Sodium hypochlorite, though considered an ideal root canal irrigant, cannot be used at required concentrations in children, due to its undesirable effects. Hence, it is imperative to search for an ideal root canal irrigant to avoid these undesirable effects which we hope to achieve with this study. The antimicrobial efficacy of aqueous ozone, green tea, and normal saline as irrigants in pulpectomy procedures of the primary teeth has been compared.

Reducing Tobacco-Related Disability in Chronic Smokers.

Tobacco consumption (predominantly cigarettes) is the leading preventable cause of mortality worldwide. Although the major focus of strategies to reduce mortality from tobacco must include prevention of future generations from initially gaining access, some smokers are unwilling or unable to quit. Can the higher risk chronic smoker be identified and can their risk be reduced? The risk of adverse events in cigarette smokers is influenced by the intensity and duration of cigarette smoking or secondhand exposure, associated conventional risk factors, environmental stressors, and certain genetic variants and epigenetic modifiers.

Air Trapping Correlates With Increased Frequency of Albuterol Use and Severity of Wheeze in Persistent Asthma.

Background: Symptoms of asthma have been shown to correlate poorly with spirometric variables of obstruction. We hypothesized that lung volume measurements might correlate with symptoms and frequency of rescue inhaler use in asthma.

Methods: Patients with persistent asthma on treatment for ≥12 months were enrolled from university-based clinics.

Metoprolol for the Prevention of Acute Exacerbations of COPD.

Background: Observational studies suggest that beta-blockers may reduce the risk of exacerbations and death in patients with moderate or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but these findings have not been confirmed in randomized trials.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized trial, we assigned patients between the ages of 40 and 85 years who had COPD to receive either a beta-blocker (extended-release metoprolol) or placebo. All the patients had a clinical history of COPD, along with moderate airflow limitation and an increased risk of exacerbations, as evidenced by a history of exacerbations during the previous year or the prescribed use of supplemental oxygen.

Ability of Exhaled Nitric Oxide to Discriminate for Airflow Obstruction Among Frequent Exacerbators of Clinically Diagnosed Asthma.

Objective: Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FE) has been proposed as a non-invasive biomarker for allergic inflammation seen in asthma. Many asthmatics in clinical practice have never had spirometry and recent data report misdiagnoses in patients with physician diagnosed (PD) asthma. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of FE to discriminate between those with and without airflow obstruction (AO) among patients with PD-asthma.

Longer duration of asthma is significantly associated with increased RV/TLC ratio.

Background: Although FEV1/FVC ratio has been shown to be negatively associated with longer duration of asthma; an association between RV/TLC ratio and longer duration of asthma has not been explored.

Material And Methods: Patients with established asthma for more than a year and met inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. Data obtained by questionnaire after informed consent was obtained, Pulmonary function tests and laboratory results were collected through chart review.