Effect of formulation- and administration-related variables on deposition pattern of nasal spray pumps evaluated using a nasal cast.

Purpose: To systematically evaluate the effect of formulation- and administration-related variables on nasal spray deposition using a nasal cast.

Methods: Deposition pattern was assessed by uniformly coating a transparent nose model with Sar-Gel®, which changes from white to purple on contact with water. Sprays were subsequently discharged into the cast, which was then digitally photographed.

Assessment of facial and ocular deposition of nebulized aerosol using a color-based method.

Purpose: The objective of this investigation was to develop an inexpensive and uncomplicated color-based method to rapidly assess undesirable facial and ocular deposition of aerosolized droplets on the surface of a 3D rigid replica of a 4-year-old child's face.

Methods: Sar-Gel(®), which changes color on contact with water, was evenly coated on the face model through which air was drawn using two breathing patterns (representing moderate and shallow inhalations) or a constant rate of 0, 10, and 20 L/min. A standard and two proprietary (one shaped to resemble a fish face, the other shaped to resemble a dragon face) pediatric facemasks were evaluated.

Assessment of nasal spray deposition pattern in a silicone human nose model using a color-based method.

Purpose: To develop a simple and inexpensive method to visualize and quantify droplet deposition patterns.

Methods: Deposition pattern was determined by uniformly coating the nose model with Sar-Gel (a paste that changes from white to purple on contact with water) and subsequently discharging sprays into the nose model. The color change was captured using a digital camera and analyzed using Adobe Photoshop.

Chemopreventive effects of sarcotriol on ultraviolet B-induced skin tumor development in SKH-1 hairless mice.

Sarcotriol (ST) has been shown to be chemopreventive on 7,12-dimethyl-benz(a)anthracene (DMBA) initiated and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-promoted skin tumor development in CD-1 mice in recent studies from our laboratory. The objective of this study was to determine the chemopreventive effects of ST on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin tumor development in female SKH-1 hairless mice, an experimental model relevant to human skin cancer development, and its possible mechanisms of action. Female SKH-1 mice were divided into two groups: Control and ST treated.

Chemopreventive effects of sarcophine-diol on skin tumor development in CD-1 mice.

The objective of this study was to determine the chemopreventive effects of sarcophine-diol (SD) on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene initiated and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate promoted skin tumor development in mice and its possible mechanisms of action. SD pretreatment significantly (P<0.05) decreased skin papilloma development during promotion phase.