Changes and thresholds in the Oxford Shoulder Score following shoulder arthroplasty: Minimal clinically important difference, minimal important and detectable changes, and patient-acceptable symptom state.

Background: The minimal clinically important difference, minimal important change, minimal detectable change and patient-acceptable symptom state are poorly defined for the Oxford Shoulder Score following shoulder arthroplasty. The study's aim was to calculate their values.

Methods: One hundred patients underwent shoulder arthroplasty and completed pre and 1-year postoperative Oxford Shoulder Score.

The digital divide between primary and secondary care: An analysis using SARS-CoV-2 hospital admissions.

Using data from two ED. departments of 773 patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2, ICD-10 codes derived from the General Practitioner - Summary Care Record (GP-SCR) and Emergency Department (ED.) records were analysed for code discrepancies and whether this related to increased mortality.

Machine learning models to predict surgical case duration compared to current industry standards: scoping review.

Background: Surgical waiting lists have risen dramatically across the UK as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The effective use of operating theatres by optimal scheduling could help mitigate this, but this requires accurate case duration predictions. Current standards for predicting the duration of surgery are inaccurate.

Patellar resurfacing and kneeling ability after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review.

Background: Difficulty kneeling following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains highly prevalent, and has cultural, social, and occupational implications. With no clear evidence of superiority, whether or not to resurface the patella remains debatable. This systematic review examined whether resurfacing the patella (PR) or not (NPR) influences kneeling ability following TKA.

The effect of HIV prevalence, CD4 counts and disease severity on the outcome of total knee arthroplasty for haemophilic arthropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: End-stage knee arthropathy is a recognised complication of haemophilia. It is often treated by total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which is more technically challenging in patients with haemophilia (PwH). It remains unclear what factors may predict implant survivorship and deep infection rate.

Is success written in the stars? The effect of zodiac sign on the outcome of total knee arthroplasty.

Aim: There are 12 signs of the zodiac, each attributed with its own specific personality traits, desires and attitudes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of zodiac sign on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Method: Patients undergoing primary TKA during a 2-year period (January 2019 to December 2020) were identified retrospectively.

The effect of BMI and other factors on post-operative length of stay: A multivariable regression analysis of 860 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

Background: There is a trend towards minimising length of stay (LOS) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), as greater LOS is associated with poorer outcomes and higher costs. Patient factors known to influence LOS post-TKA include age and ASA grade. Evidence regarding the effect of body mass index (BMI) in particular is conflicting, with some studies finding that increased BMI predicts increased LOS, while others have found no relationship.

The composition of cell-based therapies obtained from point-of-care devices/systems which mechanically dissociate lipoaspirate: a scoping review of the literature.

Purpose: Cell-based therapies using lipoaspirate are gaining popularity in orthopaedics due to their hypothesised regenerative potential. Several 'point-of-care' lipoaspirate-processing devices/systems have become available to isolate cells for therapeutic use, with published evidence reporting their clinical relevance. However, few studies have analysed the composition of their 'minimally-manipulated' cellular products in parallel, information that is vital to understand the mechanisms by which these therapies may be efficacious.

The outcomes of total hip arthroplasty in rapidly progressive osteoarthritis: a systematic review.

Purpose: Rapidly progressive osteoarthritis of the hip is an uncommon and poorly understood condition. No universal definition of RPOH exists, however, a loss of joint space of 2 mm or more per year or 50% or more in one year with no other cause can be classed as RPOH. Due to the rapid loss of joint space and associated bone loss, total hip arthroplasty is the only viable treatment option.

Environmental sustainability in orthopaedic surgery : a scoping review.

Aims: In the UK, the NHS generates an estimated 25 megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents (4% to 5% of the nation's total carbon emissions) and produces over 500,000 tonnes of waste annually. There is limited evidence demonstrating the principles of sustainability and its benefits within orthopaedic surgery. The primary aim of this study was to analyze the environmental impact of orthopaedic surgery and the environmentally sustainable initiatives undertaken to address this.

Artificial intelligence for image analysis in total hip and total knee arthroplasty : a scoping review.

Aims: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are common orthopaedic procedures requiring postoperative radiographs to confirm implant positioning and identify complications. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based image analysis has the potential to automate this postoperative surveillance. The aim of this study was to prepare a scoping review to investigate how AI is being used in the analysis of radiographs following THA and TKA, and how accurate these tools are.

Mapping analysis to predict the associated EuroQol five-dimension three-level utility values from the Oxford Knee Score : a prediction and validation study.

Aims: The aims of this study were to assess mapping models to predict the three-level version of EuroQoL five-dimension utility index (EQ-5D-3L) from the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and validate these before and after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 5,857 patients was used to create the prediction models, and a second cohort of 721 patients from a different centre was used to validate the models, all of whom underwent TKA. Patient characteristics, BMI, OKS, and EQ-5D-3L were collected preoperatively and one year postoperatively.

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in patients under the age of 60 years provides excellent clinical outcomes and 10-year implant survival: a systematic review : A study performed by the Early Osteoarthritis group of ESSKA-European Knee Associates section.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to systematically review the clinical and functional outcomes following medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in patients under the age of 60 years old.

Methods: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, studies between 2012 and April 2022, on patients 18-60 years old who have had a unicompartmental knee replacement evaluating patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs), were included. The Knee Society Scores (KSS) clinical score was considered the primary outcome.

Comparison of the accuracy of 2D and 3D templating methods for planning primary total hip replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

There are advocates of both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) templating methods for planning total hip replacement. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of implant size prediction when using 2D and 3D templating methods for total hip arthroplasty, as well as to compare the inter- and intra-observer reliability in order to determine whether currently available methods are sufficiently reliable and reproducible. Medline, EMBASE and PubMed were searched to identify studies that compared the accuracy of 2D and 3D templating for total hip replacement.

The safe resumption of elective orthopaedic services following the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic : a review of 2,316 consecutive cases and implications for recovery following further waves.

Aims: There is little published on the outcomes after restarting elective orthopaedic procedures following cessation of surgery due to the COVID-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, the reported perioperative mortality in patients who acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection while undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery was 18% to 20%. The aim of this study is to report the surgical outcomes, complications, and risk of developing COVID-19 in 2,316 consecutive patients who underwent elective orthopaedic surgery in the latter part of 2020 and comparing it to the same, pre-pandemic, period in 2019.

The accuracy and reliability of preoperative digital 2D templating in prosthesis size prediction in uncemented versus cemented total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy and the inter- and intra-observer reliability of preoperative digital 2D templating in prosthesis size prediction for the planning of cemented or uncemented THA.This study was registered in the NIHR PROSPERO database (ID: CRD42020216649) and conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. A search of electronic databases in March 2021 found 29 papers overall.

Nickel hypersensitivity and skin patch testing in total hip replacement surgery: a systematic review.

Approximately 60,000 cemented femoral stems are implanted in the UK each year with the majority being manufactured from stainless steel containing 10-15% nickel. Nickel hypersensitivity has been reported in up to 13% of the general population and there is a concern that nickel hypersensitivity might adversely affect the outcome of total hip replacement (THR). We reviewed the current literature on the potential link between nickel hypersensitivity and THR complications, and the usefulness of patch testing.

Cell-based therapies for the treatment of sports injuries of the upper limb.

: The use of cell-based therapies in the management of sports injuries of the upper limb is increasingly popular despite the limited scientific evidence available for their use. We aim to evaluate the evidence for the use of cell-based therapies in these injuries and recommend areas for further research.: In accordance with a published protocol (PROSPERO; Registration No.

Cell-based therapy in soft tissue sports injuries of the knee: a systematic review.

Introduction: An ever-increasing number of clinics are offering purportedly 'regenerative' stem-cell treatments, although cell-based therapies may not primarily act as stem cells and have shown the ability to regenerate end-target tissues in some clinical studies only. We aim to systematically review the evidence for their use in soft-tissue sports injuries of the knee.

Areas Covered: A search for articles pertaining to the use of preparations of, or containing, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in human subjects in sports knee injuries yielded 14 relevant results for inclusion after screening: 7 used cultured MSCs, 5 bone marrow concentrate (BMC), and the remaining 2 evaluated stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and tenocyte-like-cells.

The Effects of Age and Cell Isolation on Collagen II Synthesis by Articular Chondrocytes: Evidence for Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Regulation.

Adult articular cartilage synthesises very little type II collagen in comparison to young cartilage. The age-related difference in collagen II synthesis is poorly understood. This is the first systematic investigation of age-related differences in extracellular matrix synthesis in fresh articular cartilage and following isolation of chondrocytes.

The results of meniscal allograft transplantation surgery: what is success?

Background: Meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) may improve symptoms and function, and may limit premature knee degeneration in patients with symptomatic meniscal loss. The aim of this retrospective study was to examine patient outcomes after MAT and to explore the different potential definitions of 'success' and 'failure'.

Methods: Sixty patients who underwent MAT between 2008 and 2014, aged 18-50 were identified.

Patellectomy for osteoarthritis: a new tension preserving surgical technique to reconstruct the extensor mechanism with retrospective review of long-term follow-up.

Background: The management of severe patellofemoral arthritis in young patients remains a significant problem. For many, patellofemoral replacement is not a desirable option. Current surgical techniques for patellectomy disrupt the extensor lever arm causing weakness.

Staged venous thromboemolic events prophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin followed by aspirin is safe and effective after arthroplasty.

Background: The rate of fatal pulmonary embolism (PE) following hip and knee arthroplasty has remained unchanged despite the use of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and oral antithrombotic agents. Concerns regarding bleeding and wound complications resulted in the introduction of a staged chemoprophylaxis protocol at our institution in 2002. We hypothesized that staged chemoprophylaxis using LMWH in hospital followed by aspirin after discharge was safe and effective for the prevention of venous thromboembolic events (VTE).

The inadequacy of musculoskeletal knowledge in graduating medical students in the United Kingdom.

Background: Musculoskeletal symptoms are common reasons for patients seeking medical attention. Basic competency in musculoskeletal medicine is therefore essential for all clinicians. To our knowledge, this is the first assessment of the competency in musculoskeletal medicine of medical students in the United Kingdom.