Left crossed fused renal ectopia L-shaped kidney type, with double nutcracker syndrome (anterior and posterior).

Crossed fused renal ectopia (CFRE) is the second most common fusion anomalies (FAs) of the kidneys after horseshoe kidney. Crossed fused renal ectopia (CFRE) results from one kidney crossing over to the opposite side and subsequent fusion of the parenchyma of the two kidneys. We report, by multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) angiography, an extremely rare case of a left CFRE (L-shaped kidney type), consisting of multiple renal arteries (one main renal artery for the upper renal parenchyma, and three renal arteries (one main and two additional) for the lower renal parenchyma) and two left renal veins, which produced a double nutcracker syndrome (both anterior and posterior).

The role of prostatic inflammation biomarkers in the diagnosis of prostate diseases.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are chronic conditions, which are hormone-dependent and epidemiologically associated with prostate inflammation. As a large number of studies have demonstrated, the stimulation of T-cells at the level of prostatic chronic inflammatory infiltrates is followed by stromal and epithelial cell proliferation. The aim of this review is to present the actual level of knowledge in the field of prostatic immune response and chronic inflammation, and to analyze the relationships between chronic inflammation and BPH/PCa.

Intravesical prostatic protrusion can be a predicting factor for the treatment outcome in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic obstruction treated with tamsulosin.

Objective: To assess the effect of the intravesical protrusion of the prostate (IPP) on the response to medical treatment with tamsulosin for a 3 month period.

Materials And Methods: The study, which was conducted between 2009 and 2011 in the ambulatory clinic of an academic hospital, divided 183 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic obstruction in 2 groups (90 and 93 patients, respectively) according to intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP): group A ≤10 mm; group B >10 mm. Patients were treated with tamsulosin (0.

Bipolar vaporization of the prostate: is it ready for the primetime?

Although transurethral resection of the prostate is still the 'gold standard' in the surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia, it is associated with significant morbidity. This review presents one of its most successful alternatives, bipolar transurethral vaporization of the prostate, a procedure that has emerged during the last decade. The technical principles are presented, together with the trials that compare it with the standard resection technique.

The Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Global Study: nephrolithotomy in 189 patients with solitary kidneys.

Background And Purpose: The study compared characteristics and outcomes in patients with solitary and bilateral kidneys who were treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society (CROES) PCNL Global Study.

Patients And Methods: Data from consecutively treated patients from 96 centers worldwide were collated after a 1-year period. The following variables in patients undergoing PCNL with solitary or bilateral kidneys were compared: Prevalence, patient characteristics, intraoperative differences and outcomes, including bleeding and transfusion rates, renal function, and stone-free rates.