Novel Approaches to Identification and Arachidonic Acid Production Optimization.

Arachidonic acid (ARA) is an integral constituent of cell structures and is instrumental for the nervous, muscular, and immune systems' functions. The sore need for this nutrient may be fulfilled via production based on the fungus . The identity of the culture obtained from Assiut University, Egypt, was confirmed based on internal transcribed spacer DNA barcoding and elongation enzyme RNA sequencing.

Arachidonic Acid Is a Safe and Efficacious Schistosomicide, and an Endoschistosomicide in Natural and Experimental Infections, and Cysteine Peptidase Vaccinated Hosts.

Blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma are covered by a protective heptalaminated, double lipid bilayer surface membrane. Large amounts of sphingomyelin (SM) in the outer leaflet form with surrounding water molecules a tight hydrogen bond barrier, which allows entry of nutrients and prevents access of host immune effectors. Excessive hydrolysis of SM to phosphoryl choline and ceramide activation of the parasite tegument-associated neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase) with the polyunsaturated fatty acid, arachidonic acid (ARA) leads to parasite death, allowing exposure of apical membrane antigens to antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and accumulation of the pro-apoptotic ceramide.

Is arachidonic acid an endoschistosomicide?

and are intravascular, parasitic flatworms that infect >250 million people in 70 developing countries, yet not all people of the same community and household are afflicted. Regarding laboratory rodents, mice but not rats are susceptible to infection with and hamsters but not mice are entirely permissive to infection with . A recent Brazilian publication has demonstrated that resistance of the water-rat, to infection might be ascribed to stores of arachidonic acid (ARA)-rich lipids in liver.

Synopsis of arachidonic acid metabolism: A review.

Arachidonic acid (AA), a 20 carbon chain polyunsaturated fatty acid with 4 double bonds, is an integral constituent of biological cell membrane, conferring it with fluidity and flexibility. The four double bonds of AA predispose it to oxygenation that leads to a plethora of metabolites of considerable importance for the proper function of the immune system, promotion of allergies and inflammation, resolving of inflammation, mood, and appetite. The present review presents an illustrated synopsis of AA metabolism, corroborating the instrumental importance of AA derivatives for health and well-being.