The combination of clinical parameters and immunophenotyping of intraepithelial lymphocytes allows to assess disease severity in refractory celiac disease.

Background: Flow cytometry of intestinal lymphocytes is discussed to be a stronger predictor of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma development in refractory celiac disease than T-cell clonality analysis.

Aims: To investigate possible associations between clinical characteristics of refractory celiac disease patients and aberrant intraepithelial lymphocytes and to evaluate the accuracy of immunophenotyping for the identification of high-risk refractory celiac disease.

Methods: Flow cytometry of isolated lymphocytes from duodenal biopsies of controls and celiac disease patients was performed and results were compared to clinical data.

Alpha-Hemolysin HlyA Induces Host Cell Polarity Changes, Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction and Cell Detachment in Human Colon Carcinoma Caco-2 Cell Model via PTEN-Dependent Dysregulation of Cell Junctions.

() of the B2 phylotype reside in human and animal intestines. The bacteria possess pathogenicity factors such as α-hemolysin (HlyA) that can induce intestinal epithelial leaks. We addressed the questions which host cell processes were dysregulated by HlyA that can potentiate intestinal diseases.

Reprogramming Intestinal Epithelial Cell Polarity by Interleukin-22.

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) impacts the integrity of intestinal epithelia and has been associated with the development of colitis-associated cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Previous data suggest that IL-22 protects the mucosal barrier and promotes wound healing and barrier defect. We hypothesized, that IL-22 modulates cell polarity of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) acting on tight junction assembly.