Radiographers' emotional reactions to suspected child abuse.

Introduction: In cases of suspected physical abuse (SPA) in children, a full skeletal survey is performed. Radiographers performing the survey may experience emotional challenges during the examination. The purpose of the study was to explore the emotional aspects of SPA imaging among radiographers and how they respond to potential challenges.

Hailey-Hailey Disease Caused by a Novel Deep Intronic Variant in ATP2C1.

Hailey-Hailey disease (OMIM#169600) is an autosomal dominantly inherited genodermatosis characterized by erosions in the flexural areas of the body. Hailey-Hailey disease is caused by variants in ATP2C1, but for ~10% of the patients, no causative variant is found in the coding region of ATP2C1. We aimed to determine the genetic cause of Hailey-Hailey disease in a family without a variant in the coding areas of ATP2C1.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes predict improved overall survival after post-mastectomy radiotherapy: a study of the randomized DBCG82bc cohort.

Background: The predictive value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) on the benefit from radiotherapy (RT) remains unclear. Our aim was to investigate the association between TILs and post-mastectomy RT (PMRT) regarding the risk of recurrence and survival in a randomized cohort.

Material And Methods: Stromal TILs were histologically estimated in 1011 tumors from high-risk breast cancer (BC) patients from the DBCG82bc trial.

Renal cryoablation - does deep endophytic ablation affect the renal collecting system?

To investigate to what extent the urothelium of the renal collecting system is affected when performing deep endophytic cryoablation. The study was conducted as an animal model with a total of 15 female pigs. Each animal was subjected to bilateral endophytioc renal cryoablation and randomized to a postoperative follow-up period of either one, two or four weeks.

Langerhans cell markers CD1a and CD207 are the most rapidly responding genes in lesional psoriatic skin following adalimumab treatment.

TNFα-, IL-23- and IL-17-targeting drugs are highly effective in the treatment of psoriasis. However, the precise molecular mechanism remains unknown. In psoriatic skin, the presence of Langerhans cells (LCs) is reduced, but the role of LC is poorly understood.

TRIM21 is important in the early phase of inflammation in the imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation mouse model.

Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21) regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons and acts as an autoantigen in certain autoimmune diseases, but TRIM21 has not been investigated in psoriasis. It has been suggested that TRIM21 may have a dual function; in the early phase of inflammation, it may function as a stimulator; but upon immune stimulation, its ubiquitinating mode of action may shift from stabilization to degradation of IRF3 causing inhibition of the immune responses. The imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like mouse model displays features similar to those of human psoriasis.

Tumour necrosis factor-α plays a significant role in the Aldara-induced skin inflammation in mice.

Background: Recently, the Aldara-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation model in mice has attracted increased attention, due to its dependence on the same immunological pathways and cell types as in human psoriasis.

Objectives: To study the impact of constitutive deficiency of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and its upstream regulator mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MAPKAPK-2, herein MK2) in the Aldara-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation model.

Methods: TNF-α knockout (KO), MK2 KO and wild-type (WT) mice divided into separate groups received either 45-mg Aldara cream or control cream for 5 consecutive days.

IκBζ is a key driver in the development of psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a common immune-mediated, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Although TNFα- and IL-17A-targeting drugs have recently proven to be highly effective, the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of psoriasis remains poorly understood. We found that expression of the atypical IκB member IκB (inhibitor of NF-κB) ζ, a selective coactivator of particular NF-κB target genes, was strongly increased in skin of patients with psoriasis.

Changes in mRNA expression precede changes in microRNA expression in lesional psoriatic skin during treatment with adalimumab.

Background: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibition is an effective treatment for moderate to severe plaque-type psoriasis. A change in the cytokine expression profile occurs in the skin after 4 days of treatment, preceding any clinical or histological improvements. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, but miRNA expression has never been studied in psoriatic skin during treatment.

Aldara®-induced skin inflammation: studies of patients with psoriasis.

Background: The application of Aldara(®) cream containing 5% imiquimod stimulates Toll-like receptor 7/8 on plasmacytoid dendritic cells, thereby producing a potent immunomodulatory effect. This has been reported to trigger psoriasis.

Objectives: To establish a human model of Aldara-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in patients with psoriasis.

Preferential inhibition of the mRNA expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase regulated cytokines in psoriatic skin by anti-TNFα therapy.

Background: Anti-TNFα therapies are well established for severe psoriasis; however, their mechanism of action in disease resolution is not fully understood. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is a kinase known to play a key role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

Objectives: To elucidate the early effects of adalimumab, a human monoclonal anti-TNFα antibody, on the expression of interleukins in psoriatic skin.

[Legionella pneumonia in patients treated with infliximab].

Therapy with tumour necrosis factor-alfa inhibitors is widely used in various inflammatory disorders, but adverse events from severe infections with intracellular pathogens may occur. We describe two cases of severe pulmonary legionellosis in patients treated with infliximab for Crohn's disease and psoriasis, respectively. We conclude that legionella infections are probably more frequent in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy with tumour necrosis factor-alfa inhibitors than in the background population.

[Prevention of vertical transmission of HIV in Denmark].

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a RNA virus that can be transmitted parenterally, sexually or vertically. An effective prevention strategy has been implemented in industrialised countries, thereby reducing vertical transmission from 15-25% to < 1%. The aim of this study was to describe vertical transmission of HIV in Denmark after the introduction of ART.

Non-CAA angiopathies and their possible interactions with cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is one of the two most common cerebral arteriopathies seen in the brains of elderly patients. The other is arteriosclerosis (AS), historically considered a consequence of chronic hypertension and also described as lipohyalinosis (LH), a clinicopathologic association that is increasingly questioned. These and other less frequently encountered degeneralions of the cerebral microvasculature (CADASIL, Binswanger subcortical leukoencephalopathy) share the common feature of degeneration of the medial smooth muscle layer within arteriolar walls.