Enhanced skin cancer diagnosis using optimized CNN architecture and checkpoints for automated dermatological lesion classification.

Skin cancer stands as one of the foremost challenges in oncology, with its early detection being crucial for successful treatment outcomes. Traditional diagnostic methods depend on dermatologist expertise, creating a need for more reliable, automated tools. This study explores deep learning, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of skin cancer diagnosis.

Enhancing brain tumor detection in MRI images through explainable AI using Grad-CAM with Resnet 50.

This study addresses the critical challenge of detecting brain tumors using MRI images, a pivotal task in medical diagnostics that demands high accuracy and interpretability. While deep learning has shown remarkable success in medical image analysis, there remains a substantial need for models that are not only accurate but also interpretable to healthcare professionals. The existing methodologies, predominantly deep learning-based, often act as black boxes, providing little insight into their decision-making process.

Biomimetic design of fibril-forming non-immunogenic collagen like proteins for tissue engineering.

Collagen, a key component of extracellular matrix serves as a linchpin for maintaining structural integrity and functional resilience. Concerns over purity and immunogenicity of animal-derived collagens have spurred efforts to develop synthetic collagen-based biomaterials. Despite several collagen mimics, there remains limited exploration of non-immunogenic biomaterials with the capacity for effective self-assembly.

Yoga Therapy in Functional Dyspepsia. A Narrative Review.

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common upper gastrointestinal disorder, characterized by bothersome epigastric pain or burning, fullness after meals or early satiety. The precise pathophysiology remains incompletely understood but may include the role of disordered gut-brain communication leading to disturbances in gastro-duodenal physiological functioning. Even if there are several pharmacological treatment options, it is a chronic and relapsing disorder with persistent symptoms that makes its management difficult.

Highly sensitive and selective detection of glutathione using ultrasonic aided synthesis of graphene quantum dots embedded over amine-functionalized silica nanoparticles.

Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant antioxidant in the majority of cells and tissues; and its use as a biomarker has been known for decades. In this study, a facile electrochemical method was developed for glutathione sensing using voltammetry and amperometry analyses. In this study, a novel glassy carbon electrode composed of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) embedded on amine-functionalized silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) was synthesized.

Spectroscopic investigation on photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange using FeO/WO/FeWO nanomaterials.

In this study, iron oxide (FeO), tungsten oxide (WO) and iron-tungstate oxide (FeWO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by simple precipitation, acid precipitation, and hydrothermal method respectively. All the spectroscopic analysis reveals that as-synthesized NPs are crystalline with a z-average size of 342, 313 and 373 d.nm respectively.

Simultaneous electrochemical determination of dopamine and epinephrine using gold nanocrystals capped with graphene quantum dots in a silica network.

Gold nanocrystals (AuNCs) were synthesized by economical and green strategy in aqueous medium by using N[3(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (TMSPED) as both a reducing and stabilizing mediator to avoid the aggregation of gold nanocrystals. Then, the AuNCs were capped with graphene quantum dots (GQDs) using an ultrasonic method. The resulting nanocomposites of GQD-TMSPED-AuNCs were characterized by X-ray photoelectron, X-ray diffraction, Raman, UV-vis and FT-IR spectroscopies.

Photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic performance of sonochemically synthesized CuO@TiO heterojunction nanocomposites.

CuO@TiO heterojunction nanocomposites were prepared via ultrasonic method towards the removal of the environmental pollutant of MO by the visible light photocatalytic approach. The structure of prepared CuO@TiO heterojunction nanocomposites was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, photoluminescence spectroscopy, UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy, diffused reflectance spectroscopy. The photocatalytic degradation ability was tested using methyl orange as a model pollutant.

Sonochemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles anchored reduced graphene oxide nanosheets for selective and sensitive detection of glutathione.

Developed here an eco-friendly, one-pot approach toward rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles anchored reduced graphene oxide (AgNPs-rGO) nanosheets via sonochemical irradiation method, using an aqueous solution mixture of GO and AgNO in the presence of N-[3(trimethoxysilyl)propyl] ethylenediamine (TMSPED) without any reducing agent. As synthesized decorated nanosheets was thoroughly characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Pristine AgNPs, pristine rGO and as prepared AgNPs-rGO materials were employed to modify the glassy carbon (GC) electrode and demonstrated its excellent electrocatalytic activities towards glutathione (GSH).

SnO2-decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and Vulcan carbon through a sonochemical approach for supercapacitor applications.

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Vulcan carbon (VC) decorated with SnO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using a facile and versatile sonochemical procedure. The as-prepared nanocomposites were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy. It was evidenced that SnO2 nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on both carbon surfaces, tightly decorating the MWCNTs and VC.