Gamma ray induced significant phenotypic and metabolite changes in sugarcane variants derived through in vitro mutagenesis.

Sugarcane is an economically important polyploid crop whose genetic complexity and limited fertility poses a challenge for crop improvement programs. Gamma radiation-induced mutagenesis is an alternate approach for generating a diverse array of agronomically useful mutants, accelerating varietal development in a long-duration crop like sugarcane. To develop agronomically useful mutants of a commercial sugarcane genotype Co 99004, gamma ray induced in vitro mutagenesis was carried out.

A Single-Center Study on Clinico-Radiological Evaluation of Inguino-Scrotal or Labial Swellings Presenting to a Tertiary Care Set-Up in Central India.

Introduction The inguino-scrotal/labial region, anatomically defined as the juncture where the thigh meets the lower abdomen, encompassing the ipsilateral scrotal area in men and the inguino-labial area in women, exhibits a broad spectrum of masses. Traditionally, these swellings were clinically diagnosed with high accuracy, primarily due to the prevalence of simple hernias and hydroceles. However, contemporary observations reveal a surge in complex inguino-scrotal/labial swellings, particularly in referral hospitals, necessitating additional radiological and imaging modalities for precise diagnosis.

Incidence of Cardiac Manifestations in Children with Dengue Fever: A Cross-sectional Study.

Objective: The aim of our study was to explore the incidence of cardiac involvement in children with dengue infection admitted in a tertiary care hospital and to evaluate the features of cardiac involvement with the severity of dengue fever.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from September 2014 to August 2016. A total of 130 patients with confirmed dengue NS1 antigen or IgM antibody positivity between the ages of 1 month and 18 years were evaluated.

Regioselective synthesis of tetrahydroquinolines via syn- and anti-nucleopalladation-initiated cascade processes.

Palladium(ii)-catalyzed regioselective syn-chloropalladation and anti-acetoxypalladation-initiated cascade processes were developed for the synthesis of functionalized tetrahydroquinolines. A series of N-propargyl arylamines tethered with an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl scaffold underwent atom economical cascade reactions to deliver chloro- and acetoxy-substituted tetrahydroquinolines bearing an exocyclic double bond in high yields. A mechanism is proposed for these cascade processes involving a sequential syn-chloropalladation or anti-acetoxypalladation of alkynes followed by intramolecular olefin insertion (6-exo-trig) and protonolysis steps.

Direct Access to 9-Chloro-1-benzo[]furo[3,4-]azepin-1-ones via Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Intramolecular -Oxypalladation/Olefin Insertion/sp-C-H Bond Activation Cascade.

An efficient Pd(II)-catalyzed cascade approach was established for the synthesis of 9-chloro-1-benzo[]furo[3,4-]azepin-1-ones starting from -propargyl arylamines having a pendant α,β-unsaturated ester scaffold. The mechanism of this sequential process involved intramolecular -oxypalladation followed by olefin insertion and sp-C-Cl bond formation reactions. This high atom- and step-economical cascade sequence generated two heterocycle rings and three new bonds in a single synthetic operation.

Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective Syn-Chloropalladation-Olefin Insertion-Oxidative Chlorination Cascade: Synthesis of Dichlorinated Tetrahydroquinolines.

A palladium catalyzed cascade process involving syn-chloropalladation, intramolecular olefin insertion, and oxidative C-Cl bond formation reactions was demonstrated for the synthesis of dichlorinated tetrahydroquinolines in high yields (up to 93%). The N-propargyl arylamines having a tethered α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety underwent a regioselective syn-chloropalladation followed by a Heck-type reaction to deliver the tetrahydroquinoline scaffold. The rare insertion of the second chlorine atom was rationalized comprising a Pd catalytic cycle and oxidative cleavage of the C-Pd bond.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Biomedical Applications of an Alkylated Quercetin-Gadolinium Complex.

Flavonoids and their derivatives have been extensively studied for their pharmaceutical applications due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The coordination complexes of several flavonoids have demonstrated DNA binding ability that can confer anticancer properties. The structure of the flavonoid has a pronounced influence on its pharmacological properties.

Encoding of coordination complexes with XML.

An in-silico system to encode structure, bonding and properties of coordination complexes is developed. The encoding is achieved through a semantic XML markup frame. Composition of the coordination complexes is captured in terms of central atom and ligands.

Palladium-Catalyzed Internal Nucleophile-Assisted Hydration-Olefin Insertion Cascade: Diastereoselective Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-1-ones.

A novel palladium-catalyzed hydration-olefin insertion cascade assisted by internal nucleophiles was developed for the synthesis of biologically significant 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ones under mild conditions. A detailed mechanistic study revealed that the assistance of the internal nucleophiles is crucial to trigger the cascade reaction via nucleopalladation of the alkyne moiety. The overall reaction is equivalent to regioselective hydration of alkynes followed by intramolecular Michael addition.

Synthesis of 5,6-Dihydrodibenzo[b,h][1,6]naphthyridines via Copper Bromide Catalyzed Intramolecular [4 + 2] Hetero-Diels-Alder Reactions.

A highly efficient synthesis of 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[b,h][1,6]naphthyridines was achieved by reaction between 2-(N-propargylamino)benzaldehydes and arylamines in the presence of CuBr2. The in situ generated electron-deficient heterodienes bearing a tethered alkyne partner underwent an intramolecular inverse electron-demand hetero-Diels-Alder reaction followed by air oxidation to furnish the products in high yields. This reaction tolerated a large number of substituents to afford diverse products under mild conditions.

Palladium(II)-catalyzed intramolecular carboxypalladation-olefin insertion cascade: direct access to indeno[1,2-b]furan-2-ones.

A catalytic, atom-economical, domino 5-endo-dig cyclization-intramolecular olefin insertion sequence was developed under mild conditions. Aryl alkynoic acids bearing a tethered enone partner afforded the indeno[1,2-b]furan-2-ones, the core skeleton present in a number of biologically significant molecules including the natural product solanacol, under ligand-free, palladium-catalyzed reaction conditions in high yields. The competitive β-hydride elimination in the final step leading to the conjugated analogs was avoided by the addition of lithium bromide.

Vitamin B12 deficiency presenting as pancytopenia and retinopathy in a young boy-Helicobacter pylori, a novel causative agent.

Deficiency of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is a well-known cause of megaloblastic anaemia. It is a reversible cause of bone marrow failure and demyelinating nervous system disorder, hence early detection and prompt treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency is essential. After diagnosing vitamin B12 deficiency, tracking down its root cause is important in individualising the treatment approach.

Primary extra nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the oral cavity in a young girl.

Primary Non Hodgkin s Lymphoma (NHL) usually arises within the lymphnodes, but 20-30% account for extra nodal sites. Oral cavity, as a primary extra nodal site for NHL, is relatively rare and diverse in presentation, response to therapy and prognosis. We report a 14 year old adolescent girl who presented with multiple gingival swellings, the most prominent one being in the right anterior maxilla.

Refractory seizures with global developmental delay: A rare cause.

Aicardi syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by the triad of infantile spasm in flexion, callosal agenesis and ocular abnormalities (chorioretinal lacunae, coloboma of optic disc). We report a typical case of Aicardi syndrome with all the classical features.

Hemophagocytic syndrome associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection.

Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) has been associated with infections, hematological malignancies and autoimmune conditions. Malaria is rarely reported to cause HPS. We report a case of an 11-month-old infant with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, high serum ferritin, hypertriglyceridemia, and bone marrow hemophagocytosis, consistent with hemophagocytic syndrome.

Hepatic haemangioma of infancy: role of propranolol.

A newborn girl with a haemangioma of the liver failed to respond to cortico-steroid therapy. Ultrasonic evidence of the haemangioma disappeared after 2 months of treatment with propranolol. Propranolol, a non-selective beta-blocker, is a promising therapy in the management of haemangiomas.