Clarification of citrus fruit juices using microfiltration technique equipped with indigenously developed novel ceramic membrane.

Unlabelled: Microfiltration of citrus fruit juices using membrane technology is a promising method for clarification without losing their inherent properties to extend their shelf life. The present work discusses the development of a tubular ceramic microfiltration membrane and its performance in clarifying two kinds of citrus fruit juices, mandarin and sweet orange. The membrane was prepared by the extrusion method from indigenous bentonite clay, exhibited a porosity of 37% with 0.

Plant-virus-insect tritrophic interactions: insights into the functions of geminivirus virion-sense strand genes.

The genome of the plant-infecting viruses in the family Geminiviridae is composed of one or two circular single stranded DNA of approximately 2.7-5.2 kb in length.

Association of a begomovirus-satellite complex with yellow vein and leaf curl disease of hollyhock (Alcea rosea) in India.

Geminiviruses cause considerable yield loss in several crop plants worldwide. In 2016, several hollyhock plants displaying yellow mosaic and leaf curling symptoms were noticed in a nursery of Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. Analysis of the collected samples indicated an association of monopartite and bipartite begomoviruses with satellites.

Comparison of the Periodontal Status of Patients Undergoing Labial and Lingual Orthodontic Therapy.

Aim To compare the periodontal status in relation to the lower anteriors of patients between labial and lingual orthodontic therapy. Materials and methods The study includes a total of 20 patients in the age group of 20-30 years. All the included patients were selected with limited lower anterior crowding within 0-8 mm.

Multifaceted role of geminivirus associated betasatellite in pathogenesis.

Begomoviruses have emerged as a group of plant pathogens that cause devastating diseases in a wide range of crops in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Betasatellites, the circular single-stranded DNA molecules with the size of almost half of that of the associated helper begomoviruses, are often essential for the production of typical disease symptoms in several virus-host systems. Association of betasatellites with begomoviruses results in more severe symptoms in the plants and affects the yield of numerous crops leading to huge agroeconomic losses.

Dynamics of a geminivirus-encoded pre-coat protein and host RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 in regulating symptom recovery in tobacco.

RNA silencing is an integral part of the cellular defense mechanisms in plants that act against virus infection. However, the specific role of RNA silencing and the interplay between host and virus components during recovery from geminivirus infection remains unknown. Hence, in this study we aimed to examine the mechanism behind the host-specific recovery of Nicotiana tabacum infected with Tomato leaf curl Gujarat virus (ToLCGV).

Separation of BSA through FAU-type zeolite ceramic composite membrane formed on tubular ceramic support: Optimization of process parameters by hybrid response surface methodology and biobjective genetic algorithm.

In this study, Faujasite (FAU) zeolite was coated on low-cost tubular ceramic support as a separating layer through hydrothermal route. The mixture of silicate and aluminate solutions was used to create a zeolitic separation layer on the support. The prepared zeolite ceramic composite membrane was characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size distribution (PSD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and zeta potential measurements.

Molecular diversity, recombination and population structure of alphasatellites associated with begomovirus disease complexes.

The genus, begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) includes a large number of viruses infecting a wide range of plant species worldwide. The majority of monopartite begomoviruses are associated with satellites (betasatellites) and/or satellite-like molecules (alphasatellites). In spite of the Indo-China region being regarded as the centre of origin of begomoviruses and satellites, a detailed study on the emergence and evolution of alphasatellites in India has not yet conducted.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Ginsenoside-Rh2 Inhibits LPS-Induced Activation of Microglia and Overproduction of Inflammatory Mediators Via Modulation of TGF-β1/Smad Pathway.

Microglia activation plays an important role in neuroinflammation and contributes to several neurological disorders. Hence, inhibition of both microglia activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines may lead to the effective treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we found that GRh2 inhibited the inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and prevented the LPS-induced neurotoxicity in microglia cells.

Modulatory effect of troxerutin on biotransforming enzymes and preneoplasic lesions induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rat colon carcinogenesis.

Colon cancer is the third most global oncologic problem faced by medical fraternity. Troxerutin, a flavonoid present in tea, coffee, cereal grains, and a variety of fruits and vegetables, exhibits various pharmacological and biological activities. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of troxerutin on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, colonic bacterial enzymes and the development of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced experimental rat colon carcinogenesis.

Oral supplementation with troxerutin (trihydroxyethylrutin), modulates lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis.

The present study was aimed to investigate the chemopreventive potential of troxerutin on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced rat colon carcinogenesis by evaluating the antioxidant and lipid peroxidation (LPO) status. Rats were randomly divided into six groups. Group I rats served as control.

Rapid and sensitive detection of major uropathogens in a single-pot multiplex PCR assay.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the most common bacterial infections and poses a significant healthcare burden. Escherichia coli is the most common cause of UTI accounting for up to 70 % and a variable contribution from Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. To establish a complete diagnostic system, we have developed a single-tube multiplex PCR assay (mPCR) for the detection of the above-mentioned four major uropathogens.

A direct detection of Escherichia coli genomic DNA using gold nanoprobes.

Background: In situation like diagnosis of clinical and forensic samples there exists a need for highly sensitive, rapid and specific DNA detection methods. Though conventional DNA amplification using PCR can provide fast results, it is not widely practised in diagnostic laboratories partially because it requires skilled personnel and expensive equipment. To overcome these limitations nanoparticles have been explored as signalling probes for ultrasensitive DNA detection that can be used in field applications.