Design of thermophotovoltaics for tolerance of parasitic absorption.

With advances in thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cells enabling recycling of sub-bandgap photons, a key barrier to reaching high prototype efficiencies has become radiative losses to parasitic high-emissivity regions, such as heavily doped contact regions, defects in coatings, and inactive areas. Here, we examine the impact of such radiative losses on the performance of various candidate cell materials, including GaAs, Si, InGaAsP, InGaAs, GaSb, and InGaAsSb. The ability of a TPV design to resist this performance loss is termed "radiation-sink tolerance" (RST).

TFEB-driven lysosomal biogenesis is pivotal for PGC1α-dependent renal stress resistance.

Because injured mitochondria can accelerate cell death through the elaboration of oxidative free radicals and other mediators, it is striking that proliferator gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α), a stimulator of increased mitochondrial abundance, protects stressed renal cells instead of potentiating injury. Here we report that PGC1α's induction of lysosomes via transcription factor EB (TFEB) may be pivotal for kidney protection. CRISPR and stable gene transfer showed that PGC1α knockout tubular cells were sensitized to the genotoxic stressor cisplatin whereas transgenic cells were protected.