Publications by authors named "Vinod K Viswanathan"

Article Synopsis
  • * A study conducted in Chennai found that 71% of virally suppressed PLHIV showed significant neurocognitive impairment, despite long-term adherence to antiretroviral therapy and undetectable viral loads.
  • * The research revealed changes in proteins and metabolites linked to neuroinflammation and cognitive decline, emphasizing the need for targeted intervention strategies for improving long-term management of HIV-infected individuals.
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A severe and progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD) known as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has an unknown etiology with poorly defined mechanisms of development. Among the currently prescribed pharmacological interventions for IPF, nintedanib demonstrates the ability to decelerate the deterioration of lung function and yield positive clinical outcomes. Multiple randomized placebo-controlled trials have confirmed the efficacy and acceptable safety profile of nintedanib.

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As we march towards the goals of TB elimination, one area of focus is on TB preventive therapy which deals with treatment of latent TB infection, the pool from which future TB cases are generated. Children are particularly vulnerable to disseminated TB and seriously ill TB like TB meningitis, which highlights the need for addressing latent TB infection in the age group of 0-18 years. The national TB elimination program has extended it's strategy to include TB preventive therapy from treating children <5 years and PLHIV to treating children ≥5 years, adolescents and adult household contacts of TB cases and at risk immunosuppressed groups.

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National TB elimination programs mainly focus on TB elimination through the microbiological approach of early diagnosis and treatment and thereby curtailing the transmission of the disease. But looking back, it is observed that despite this approach and various advances in research made in this front, lives are still lost due to TB. Various voices in the past have attempted to showcase the importance of socioeconomic and psychological factors that contribute to the disease causation.

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Targeted metabolomics studies reported metabolic abnormalities in both treated and untreated people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLHIV). The present study aimed to understand the plasma metabolomic changes and predicted the risk of accelerated aging in PLHIV on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a case-control study setting and its association with the plasma proteomics biomarkers of inflammation and neurological defects. Plasma samples were obtained from PLHIV on successful long-term ART for more than five years ( = 22) and matched HIV-negative healthy individuals ( = 22, HC herein).

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Background: Malignant pleural effusion in association with mesothelioma, bronchogenic carcinoma and breast carcinoma is common, although less frequently reported with other malignancies. We report a follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC), diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of thyroid and lymph nodes and subsequently proved to have metastasized to the pleural cavity.

Case: A 46-year-old man presented with history of breathlessness, thyroid swelling, pleural effusion and bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy.

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