[Clinico-functional effect of a course of interval normobaric hypoxic therapy in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis and bronchial asthma].

Aim: To study short- and long-term clinicofunctional effects of primary and secondary courses of interval normobaric hypoxia (INH) in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) and bronchial asthma (BA).

Materials And Methods: The study group of 45 COB and BA patients were exposed to INH. The control group of 20 COB and BA patients received conventional drugs.

[Possibilities of normobaric hypoxic training in rehabilitation of patients with chronic bronchitis].

To provide evidence for the potentialities of normobaric hypoxic training (NHT), oxygen cascades from the lung to tissues and responses to hypoxic and hypercapnic stimuli were analyzed in chronic bronchitis patients with Stages 1, 2, and respiratory failure. Since at Stages 2 and 3, compensatory responses are substantially decreased, there is arterial, and occasionally, venous hypoxemia, NHT is contraindicated in these patients. Compensatory responses are preserved only during early stages 0 and 1 respiratory failure, showing it expedient to employ NHT.

[Effect of oxygen in different concentrations and free radical-anti-radical activity system in patients with chronic pulmonary insufficiency].

The study of free-radical processes elucidated concentrations of O2 producing a negative effect in chronic obstructive bronchitis sufferers with respiratory insufficiency (RI). In RI of the second and third degree concentration of inhaled O2 should not exceed 50%. In this concentration O2 toxicity is not evident, unbalance of the system free radical-antiradical activity is less pronounced, O2 transport from the lungs to the tissue reaches optimal level.

[The functional characteristics of an additional dead space and a respirator for preparing hypoxic-hypercapnic mixtures intended for respiration training].

A study was made of the characteristics of respiration recorded during the use of a respirator for preparing hypoxic hypercapnic mixtures as compared to the use of an additional "dead" space. In both cases, there was a significant increase of total ventilation, largely at the expense of respiration deepening. However, during respiration via a respiratory mask, the increase of the minute respiratory volume was accompanied by a rise of alveolar ventilation whereas during respiration via the ADS, alveolar ventilation dropped.

[Use of normobaric hypoxia in the combined modality therapy of patients with chronic bronchitis].

The authors review the main physiological alterations occurring in the body under the influence of hypoxia. Provide the data on successful use of the method in the treatment of a number of diseases with a purpose of increasing nonspecific resistance of the body. Based on the review of literature provide evidence for the use of normobaric hypoxic stimulation (NHOS) in multimodality treatment and prophylaxis of patients suffering from chronic bronchitis (CB).

[The role of sleep apnea in the pathogenesis of cardio-pulmonary insufficiency in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis].

Continuous registration of breath, ECG, O2 tension was carried out in sleeping chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) patients (n-46). Sleep apnea was detected in 19 of them. It was found that signs of pulmonary insufficiency in association of COB and sleep apnea occur significantly earlier.

[The hospital stage of the long-term oxygen therapy of chronic lung failure in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis].

The authors analyze the role of the initial inpatient stage of long-term oxygen therapy (LOT) in combined treatment of chronic pulmonary failure in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis, lung emphysema, and pneumosclerosis. The treatment lasted 30 days both in the main and in the control groups. In addition to basic therapy, the main group patients received 38% O2 for 15 h a day.

[A method of determining respiratory resistance by interrupting the air flow].

Air flow interruption was employed to check up the correctness of respiratory resistance measurements. The least scatter and minimum influence of muscle efforts perverting the alveolar pressure are obtained with pressure gained in the mouth after oscillations. Provided the resistance is computed in such a manner, the rate of the flow is measured before the interruption.

[The use of a respiratory regulator in the combined therapy of obstructive lung diseases].

The authors review a method for the treatment of patients suffering from nonspecific pulmonary diseases associated with the obstructive syndrome by means of a respiratory regulator which permits the building of positive pressure of 2-4 cm H2O throughout expiration. External respiration, gas exchange and hemodynamics were explored in 30 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis and in 30 patients with bronchial asthma treated by the respiratory regulator. There were clinical and functional data indicating the lowering of bronchial obstruction: an increase of the lung capacities, improvement of the velocity indicators, and improvement of the ventilation-perfusion correlations in the lungs.

[Phases of the nitrogen washout curve with different gas mixtures in the lungs].

The phases of the nitrogen washout curve (NWC): dead space phase (DSP), mixed phase (MP), alveolar phase (AP) and lung closing volume (LCV) were studied in 7 healthy subjects and 47 patients with diverse disorders of gas mixing in the lungs. Under conditions of a diffuse decrease in the elasticity induced by blood congestion consequent on mitral heart disease, the gas in uniformly mixed in the lungs so that the magnitudes of NWC phases (in % of ZCV) almost do not differ from normal. When ZCV was drastically decreased, DSP showed a relative augmentation, while AP fell down.