Influence of rotary and reciprocating kinematics on the accuracy of an integrated apex locator.

We evaluated in vitro the influence of nickel-titanium instruments kinematics on the accuracy and variation of root canal working length measurements, performed with an integrated apex locator, at glide path and at the end of shaping. Forty-four mandibular incisors, included in an alginate model, were allocated at random to two groups: reciprocating and rotary. Working length was determined at glide path stage and at the end of shaping.

Phase III Trial of Adjuvant Capecitabine After Standard Neo-/Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (GEICAM/2003-11_CIBOMA/2004-01).

Purpose: Operable triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) have a higher risk of relapse than non-TNBCs with standard therapy. The GEICAM/2003-11_CIBOMA/2004-01 trial explored extended adjuvant capecitabine after completion of standard chemotherapy in patients with early TNBC.

Patients And Methods: Eligible patients were those with operable, node-positive-or node negative with tumor 1 cm or greater-TNBC, with prior anthracycline- and/or taxane-containing chemotherapy.

Apple Phenolic Extracts Strongly Inhibit α-Glucosidase Activity.

The beneficial health effects of apple consumption are well known, however, little is known about the potential of its phenolic fractions to inhibit α-glucosidases and thereafter to treat diseases related to the carbohydrate metabolism, such as postprandial hyperglycemia and diabetes. In the present study, the α-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidant activity of different phenolic fractions of apple were evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Moreover, the phenolic fractions were chemically characterized by LC-MS in order to identify the compounds responsible for the biological properties.

Correction: Effect of in vitro digestion on the functional properties of Psidium cattleianum Sabine (araçá), Butia odorata (Barb. Rodr.) Noblick (butiá) and Eugenia uniflora L. (pitanga) fruit extracts.

Correction for 'Effect of in vitro digestion on the functional properties of Psidium cattleianum Sabine (araçá), Butia odorata (Barb. Rodr.) Noblick (butiá) and Eugenia uniflora L.

Effect of in vitro digestion on the functional properties of Psidium cattleianum Sabine (araçá), Butia odorata (Barb. Rodr.) Noblick (butiá) and Eugenia uniflora L. (pitanga) fruit extracts.

Brazilian native fruits are reported to be promising sources of bioactive compounds; however their bioactivity depends on their stability along the digestive process. This study evaluated the α-glucosidase inhibition, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) stability of araçá, butiá and pitanga fruit extracts using an in vitro digestion model. Additionally, the individual phenolic compound recovery of the most stable and active extract was evaluated by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS.

Psidium cattleianum fruits: A review on its composition and bioactivity.

Psidium cattleianum Sabine, commonly known as araçá, is a Brazilian native fruit, which is very juicy, with sweet to sub acid pulp and a spicy touch. The fruit can be eaten fresh or processed into juice, jellies and ice creams. Araçás are source of vitamin C, minerals, fatty acids, polysaccharides, volatile compounds, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, which can provide nutrients and phytochemical agents with different biological functions.

The use of breast imaging for predicting response to neoadjuvant lapatinib, trastuzumab and their combination in HER2-positive breast cancer: Results from Neo-ALTTO.

Aim: To determine the value of mammography and breast ultrasound (US) in predicting outcomes in HER2 positive breast cancer patients (pts) within Neo-ALTTO trial.

Patients And Methods: Mammography and US were required at baseline, week 6 and surgery. Two independent blinded investigators reviewed the measurements and assigned the corresponding response category.

Synergisms in Alpha-glucosidase Inhibition and Antioxidant Activity of L. Kuntze and L. Ethanolic Extracts.

Background: , the most consumed and popular beverages worldwide, and , a Brazilian native species, have been already confirmed to have beneficial effects in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, their potential acting together against an enzyme linked to this pathology has never been exploited.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory properties of individual and combined ethanolic extracts of the leaves of and over alpha-glucosidase, a key digestive enzyme used on the Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) control.

Assessment of the antioxidant and antiproliferative effects of sesquiterpenic compounds in in vitro Caco-2 cell models.

In this study, the antiradical and antiproliferative effects of the sesquiterpenic compounds trans, trans-farnesol, cis-nerolidol, α-humulene and guaiazulene, commonly found in plants and plant-derived foods and beverages, were evaluated. Chemical (DPPH and hydroxyl radicals) and biological (Caco-2 cells) models were used. Guaiazulene (IC50=0.

Hepatoprotection of sesquiterpenoids: a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) approach.

The relative hepatoprotection effect of fifteen sesquiterpenoids, commonly found in plants and plant-derived foods and beverages was assessed. Endogenous lipid peroxidation (assay A) and induced lipid peroxidation (assay B) were evaluated in liver homogenates from Wistar rats by the thiobarbituric acid reactive species test. Sesquiterpenoids with different chemical structures were tested: trans,trans-farnesol, cis-nerolidol, (-)-α-bisabolol, trans-β-farnesene, germacrene D, α-humulene, β-caryophyllene, isocaryophyllene, (+)-valencene, guaiazulene, (-)-α-cedrene, (+)-aromadendrene, (-)-α-neoclovene, (-)-α-copaene, and (+)-cyclosativene.

Cediranib in combination with fulvestrant in hormone-sensitive metastatic breast cancer: a randomized Phase II study.

Hormone receptor-positive breast cancer is treated with estrogen inhibitors. Fulvestrant (FASLODEX™), an estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist with no known agonist effects, competitively binds, blocks and degrades the ER. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may mediate resistance to ER antagonists.

Valuable compounds in macroalgae extracts.

Bioactive compounds present in ethanolic extracts from 18 macroalgae of the Portuguese coast were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), leading to the characterization of 14 compounds: proline, phloroglucinol, mannitol, 8 fatty acids and 3 sterols. A dose-dependent response against enzymes with biological significance (α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) and free radicals (DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide and hydroxyl) was found, Phaeophyta being the most promising group. A PCA analysis was performed and allowed the establishment of a correlation between the algae chemical composition and the biological activity.

Phase II randomized study of trastuzumab emtansine versus trastuzumab plus docetaxel in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive metastatic breast cancer.

Purpose: Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), an antibody-drug conjugate composed of the cytotoxic agent DM1 conjugated to trastuzumab via a stable thioether linker, has shown clinical activity in single-arm studies enrolling patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) -positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) whose disease had progressed on HER2-targeted therapy in the metastatic setting.

Patients And Methods: Patients (N = 137) with HER2-positive MBC or recurrent locally advanced breast cancer were randomly assigned to trastuzumab plus docetaxel (HT; n = 70) or T-DM1 (n = 67) as first-line treatment until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Primary end points were investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) and safety.

Adjuvant docetaxel, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide in node-positive breast cancer: 10-year follow-up of the phase 3 randomised BCIRG 001 trial.

Background: We compared standard adjuvant anthracycline chemotherapy with anthracycline-taxane combination chemotherapy in women with operable node-positive breast cancer. Here we report the final, 10-year follow-up analysis of disease-free survival, overall survival, and long-term safety.

Methods: BCIRG 001 was an open label, phase 3, multicentre trial in which 1491 patients aged 18-70 years with node-positive, early breast cancer and a Karnofsky score of 80% or more were randomly assigned to adjuvant treatment with docetaxel, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (TAC) or fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (FAC) every 3 weeks for six cycles.

In vitro studies of α-glucosidase inhibitors and antiradical constituents of Glandora diffusa (Lag.) D.C. Thomas infusion.

Glandora diffusa (Lag.) D.C.

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry multi-target method for the simultaneous analysis of three classes of metabolites in marine organisms.

In this work a fast and simple multi-target gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the simultaneous detection and absolute quantification of amino acids, fatty acids, sterols and lupanes in marine organisms is proposed. The methodology was applied to the characterization of the echinoderm Marthasterias glacialis Linnaeus spiny sea star extracts. The main factors influencing the extraction of target compounds were evaluated by using different extraction procedures, solvent systems and temperature conditions and a comparison with a reference technique was performed.

Bauhinia forficata Link authenticity using flavonoids profile: relation with their biological properties.

HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS(n) was used to ascertain the authenticity of two certified and two commercial Bauhinia forficata Link samples. Different flavonoids profiles were obtained, involving 39 compounds. Just kaempferol-3-O-(2-rhamnosyl)rutinoside was found in all analysed samples.

In vitro studies to assess the antidiabetic, anti-cholinesterase and antioxidant potential of Spergularia rubra.

Spergularia rubra is distributed all over the world, being its infusion used as diuretic. In spite of its large use, the antidiabetic, anti-cholinesterase and antioxidant activities of this species have not been assessed and its chemical composition is scarcely known. In the work herein a hydromethanolic extract was studied.

First-line bevacizumab-containing therapy for breast cancer: results in patients aged≥70 years treated in the ATHENA study.

Background: There are limited data on treatment outcomes in the growing population of elderly patients with locally recurrent/metastatic breast cancer (LR/mBC). To gain information on first-line bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy in the elderly, we analyzed data from the ATHENA trial in routine oncology practice.

Patients And Methods: Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative LR/mBC received first-line bevacizumab with standard chemotherapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or physician/patient decision.

Approach to the study of C-glycosyl flavones acylated with aliphatic and aromatic acids from Spergularia rubra by high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection/electrospray ionization multi-stage mass spectrometry.

The use of mass spectrometry (MS) coupled to liquid chromatography (LC) as working tool for the study of the C-glycosyl flavones acylated with aliphatic and aromatic acids has allowed the tentative characterization of these compounds in Spergularia rubra and the establishment of the position of the acylation on the sugar moiety of the C-glycosylation by use of MS data. The combination of retention time (Rt), ultraviolet (UV) and MS(n) data of the compounds revealed their C-glycosyl flavone nature, being luteolin, apigenin and chrysoeriol derivatives. Ten non-acylated flavones were identified, from which six are described for the first time (one 7-O-glycosyl-6,8-diC-glycosyl flavone, four 6,8-diC-glycosyl flavones and one 2"-O-glycosyl-6-C-glycosyl flavone).

Rapid tool for assessment of C13 norisoprenoids in wines.

Two novel methodologies for quantification of C(13) norisoprenoids in wines were developed. The first methodology, method A (reference method) was based on the headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry operating in selected ion monitoring mode (HS-SPME-GC-qMS-SIM). This methodology allowed to select the GC conditions for an adequate chromatographic resolution of wine components.

What is the role of chemotherapy in estrogen receptor-positive, advanced breast cancer?

Most breast tumors depend on female sex hormones for development and growth, thus being amenable to endocrine therapies. In the management of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, advanced breast cancer, conventional wisdom dictates the use of endocrine therapy for patients with good prognostic features, whereas chemotherapy is recommended for the treatment of visceral crisis. There is, however, considerable uncertainty regarding the best initial strategy for patients with poor prognostic features other than visceral crisis, such as small-volume visceral involvement and a short disease-free interval after adjuvant therapy.

Phase II multicenter trial of docetaxel, epirubicin, and 5-fluorouracil (DEF) in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer: a novel, safe, and active regimen.

Background: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of docetaxel, epirubicin, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) [DEF] as treatment for locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric cancer.

Methods: Thirty-seven patients participated in the study (median age, 56 years; range, 22-73 years); Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status [PS], 0-2). Docetaxel 75 mg/m2 IV (day 1), 5-FU 500 mg/m2 IV (days 1-3), and epirubicin 50 mg/m2 IV (day 1) were administered every 3 weeks for six cycles.

Fulvestrant ("Faslodex"): clinical experience from the Compassionate Use Programme.

Fulvestrant ("Faslodex") is a new oestrogen receptor (ER) antagonist with no agonist effects that is licensed in the USA, Brazil, Europe and elsewhere for the treatment of advanced breast cancer (ABC) in postmenopausal women following progression on other endocrine agents. This report consolidates clinical experience from the "Faslodex" Compassionate Use Programme, including a total of 339 patients treated at eight cancer centres. Patients received fulvestrant as first- (n=22), second- (n=125), third- (n=105), fourth- (n=58), fifth- (n=22) or sixth-line (n=5) hormonal treatment for ABC, with two patients receiving fulvestrant after more than six other endocrine therapies.

Adjuvant docetaxel for node-positive breast cancer.

Background: We compared docetaxel plus doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (TAC) with fluorouracil plus doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (FAC) as adjuvant chemotherapy for operable node-positive breast cancer.

Methods: We randomly assigned 1491 women with axillary node-positive breast cancer to six cycles of treatment with either TAC or FAC as adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery. The primary end point was disease-free survival.