Bayesian Estimation Improves Prediction of Outcomes after Epilepsy Surgery.

Low power is a problem in many fields, as underpowered studies that find a statistically significant result will exaggerate the magnitude of the observed effect size. We quantified the statistical power and magnitude error of studies of epilepsy surgery outcomes. The median power across all studies was 14%.

Differential vulnerability of anterior cingulate cortex cell types to diseases and drugs.

In psychiatric disorders, mismatches between disease states and therapeutic strategies are highly pronounced, largely because of unanswered questions regarding specific vulnerabilities of different cell types and therapeutic responses. Which cellular events (housekeeping or salient) are most affected? Which cell types succumb first to challenges, and which exhibit the strongest response to drugs? Are these events coordinated between cell types? How does disease and drug effect this coordination? To address these questions, we analyzed single-nucleus-RNAseq (sn-RNAseq) data from the human anterior cingulate cortex-a region involved in many psychiatric disorders. Density index, a metric for quantifying similarities and dissimilarities across functional profiles, was employed to identify common or salient functional themes across cell types.

Integrating single-cell transcriptomics and microcircuit computer modeling.

Biophysically realistic computer modeling of neuronal microcircuitry has served as a testing ground for hypotheses related to the structure and function of different brain microcircuits. Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics provide snapshots of a neuron's molecular state and have demonstrated that cell-specific genetic markers engineer the electrophysiological properties of a neuron. Integrating these molecular details with biophysical modeling can allow unprecedented mechanistic insights.

Increasing hemoglobin concentration with an artificial oxygen carrier improves severe anemia-induced degraded cognitive function.

Before death, patients commonly experience impaired consciousness for a significant period, frequently preventing family and others from final interactions with the patient. Some of these episodes of cognitive impairment may be treatable, with treatment not offered owing to the perception of ultimate futility or expense, or both. One of the causes of terminal loss of consciousness or decreased lucidity can be inadequate cerebral oxygen delivery.

Cerebrovascular Accident in a 65-Year-Old Patient with -Associated Endocarditis.

A 65-year-old male patient with a history of heart valve replacement surgery after aortic valve stenosis and a family history of heart disease presented to the emergency room with complaints of headache, fever, back pain, and general malaise. Multiple blood samples during the patient's hospitalization cultured showed . The patient was started on daily intravenous ceftriaxone and vancomycin.

Artificial intelligence and COVID-19: A multidisciplinary approach.

The COVID-19 pandemic is taking a colossal toll in human suffering and lives. A significant amount of new scientific research and data sharing is underway due to the pandemic which is still rapidly spreading. There is now a growing amount of coronavirus related datasets as well as published papers that must be leveraged along with artificial intelligence (AI) to fight this pandemic by driving news approaches to drug discovery, vaccine development, and public awareness.

Desmopressin-Induced Severe Hyponatremia with Central Pontine Myelinolysis: A Case Report.

Desmopressin, a synthetic vasopressin analog, is used to treat central diabetes insipidus, hemostatic disorders such as von Willebrand's disease, and nocturnal enuresis. We present the case of a 69-year-old man who developed severe hyponatremia during treatment with intranasal desmopressin at 10 µg twice daily for chronic polyuria and nocturia thought to be due to central diabetes insipidus. After 5 months of therapy, the patient noticed progressive fatigue, anorexia, dizziness, weakness, light-headedness, decreased concentration, and new-onset falls.