Advanced paranasal sinuses osteomas: a retrospective multicentric analysis on surgical management outcomes and intra- and postsurgical complications.

Background: This study examines the management and outcomes of large paranasal sinus osteomas (PSO), especially those abutting or encasing critical structures of the skull base and orbit.

Methodology: A multicentric retrospective analysis was conducted between June 2007 and September 2023. The study included surgically treated (regardless the type of approach chosen) PSO, exceeding 3 cm in diameter and/or located in critical anatomical areas.

Ectopic olfactory neuroblastoma is associated with increased frequency of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and reduced disease control: Case series with systematic review and pooled analysis.

Introduction: Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare malignant tumor originating from the olfactory neuroepithelium, typically within the sinonasal cavity. Cases of ONB originating outside of the olfactory cleft area are extremely rare and are referred to as "ectopic" (eONB), in contrast to "orthotopic" tumors (oONB). ONB has been associated with paraneoplastic syndromes (PNSs), including the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).

Enlarged Frontal Sinusotomy and Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: An Effective Strategy to Control the Disease.

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a disease with a strong impact on the quality of life (QoL) which treatment is based on local intranasal corticosteroids (ICS) and iterative courses of systemic corticosteroids (SCS) in case of relapse. When medical treatment is insufficient, surgery is indicated. We investigated the impact of enlarged frontal sinusotomies (EFS: Draf IIb or Draf III) on QoL and annual SCS consumption of patients with severe uncontrolled CRSwNP.

Ligation of anterior ethmoidal artery nasal branch: anatomical-based management of recalcitrant epistaxis.

Recurrent epistaxis, despite conservative therapies (i.e. nasal packing or direct vessel coagulation), is generally treated with ligation of the sphenopalatine artery (SPA).

Salvage surgery in nasopharyngeal Cancer: Unraveling the efficacy of transnasal endoscopic nasopharyngectomy for advanced stage recurrent tumors.

Objective: This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and morbidity of transnasal endoscopic nasopharyngectomy as a salvage treatment for advanced-stage recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC).

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic search in Medline, Scopus, and PubMed, identifying studies on transnasal endoscopic nasopharyngectomy for rNPC. Inclusion criteria encompassed histologically confirmed rT3 and rT4 NPC patients previously treated with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.

Management of frontal sinus and frontal recess inverted papilloma: our experience and systematic review.

Objective: For frontal sinus inverted papilloma (FSIP) management, an endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) can be combined (or not) with an external approach by an osteoplastic flap (OPF) or with a more conservative open approach. The present study aims to describe our experience in the management of FSIP, focusing on disease-related and anatomical features influencing outcomes and recurrence.

Methods: This case series of FSIP investigated anatomical and disease-related predictors of recurrence associated with EEA or a combined EEA-OPF approach.

Systemic administration of blood-derived exosomes induced by remote ischemic post-conditioning, by delivering a specific cluster of miRNAs, ameliorates ischemic damage and neurological function.

MicroRNAs, contained in exosomes or freely circulating in the plasma, might play a pivotal role in the infarct-sparing effect exerted by emote limb ischemic postconditioning (RLIP). The aims of the present study were: (1) To evaluate the effect of pure exosomes isolated from plasma of animals subjected to RLIP systemically administered to ischemic rats; (2) To finely dissect exosomes content in terms of miRNAs; (3) To select those regulatory miRNAs specifically expressed in protective exosomes and to identify molecular pathways involved in their neurobeneficial effects. Circulating exosomes were isolated from blood of animals exposed to RLIP and administered to animals exposed to tMCAO by intracerebroventricular, intraperitoneal or intranasal routes.

Intraoperative surgical navigation as a precision medicine tool in sinonasal and craniofacial oncologic surgery.

Introduction: Recent evidence supports the efficacy of surgical navigation (SN) in improving outcomes of sinonasal and craniofacial oncologic surgery. This study aims to demonstrate the utility of SN as a tool for integrating surgical, radiologic, and pathologic information. Additionally, a system for recording and mapping biopsy samples has been devised to facilitate sharing of spatial information.

Artificial intelligence for automatic detection and segmentation of nasal polyposis: a pilot study.

Purpose: Accurate diagnosis and quantification of polyps and symptoms are pivotal for planning the therapeutic strategy of Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). This pilot study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based image analysis system capable of segmenting nasal polyps from nasal endoscopy videos.

Methods: Recorded nasal videoendoscopies from 52 patients diagnosed with CRSwNP between 2019 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.

Intralesional cidofovir injections for the treatment of multifocal exophytic sinonasal papilloma.

Intralesional cidofovir injections in combination with surgery is an effective treatment for recurrent multifocal sinonasal exophytic papilloma. No malignant transformation has been observed in our experience. Anosmia is a potential side effect that patients should be aware of.

Dupilumab: a delayed response in asthmatic and atopic patients treated for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Purpose: Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) is a common disease, which was previously approached with sinus surgery or systemic corticosteroids. The advent of biological therapies radically changed the approach to this disease. On the other hand, there is scarce scientific evidence of how specific subsets of patients respond to this treatment.

Endovascular coils extrusion after internal carotid artery occlusion: From management to follow-up.

ICA coil extrusion (ICA-CE) occurs most frequently in the nasopharyngeal/sinonasal site. Evaluating the ICA coils stability, through an angiography, is of primary importance. ICA-CE management needs to be decided based on the patient's symptoms and general status.

Phacoemulsification Wound Burn and Its Management.

Introduction: The production of ultrasonic energy during phacoemulsification is associated with heat generation that could damage ocular tissues, particularly at the corneoscleral wound site.

Case Presentation: This study presents an 89-year-old patient with senile hypermature cataract and Fuchs endothelial dystrophy developing severe thermal corneoscleral injury during phacoemulsification. At presentation, visual acuity was finger count at 40 cm and there was a 1 × 2-mm area of corneal melting at the corneal tunnel with diffuse corneal oedema.

Worsening of early DME after cataract surgery. The DICAT II Study report #2.

Purpose: To analyse the long anatomical and functional outcome of a subgroup of the DICAT II study cohort, consisting of 26 patients undergoing cataract surgery and withdrawn from the study for a clinically significant worsening of early diabetic macular edema (DME).

Materials: Patients who underwent cataract surgery and withdrawn from the DICAT II study for a clinically significant worsening of early DME with at least 12 months follow-up after the dropout. The study population was divided into two groups according to the clinical evaluation at one-year follow-up: ongoing treatment patients for DME (Treatment group, TG) and patients no longer treated (Non Treatment group, NTG).

Iatrogenic Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Topographical Map and Influence of Skull Base Asymmetry.

Background: Iatrogenic cerebrospinal fluid leak (iCSF-L) is a major complication of endonasal surgeries whose occurrence is always a potential adverse event due to anatomical variation/asymmetry of the skull base (SB). The aim of this manuscript is to provide a topographical map of iCSF-L and to investigate the role of SB asymmetry in iCSF-L occurrence.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the location of iCSF-L dural defect was studied and compared to patients affected by spontaneous and post-traumatic CSF-L.

Visual outcomes and patient satisfaction after bilateral implantation of an enhanced monofocal intraocular lens: a single-masked prospective randomized study.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the visual outcomes of an enhanced monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) with two different monofocal IOLs.

Setting: Eye Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.

Design: Prospective, single-center, single-masked, randomized controlled clinical study.

Anti-miRNA103/107 encapsulated in transferrin-conjugated lipid nanoparticles crosses blood-brain barrier and reduces brain ischemic damage.

MicroRNA (miRNA), by post-transcriptionally regulating the expression of genes involved in stroke response, represents important effectors in stroke pathophysiology. Recently, the 103/107 miRNA family emerged as a possible therapeutic target in stroke, as it controls the expression of sodium calcium exchanger 1, a plasma membrane transporter that plays a fundamental role in stroke pathophysiology. Although the neuroprotective properties of this and other miRNAs are promising, several pharmacokinetic drawbacks remain to be faced for the development of a translatable therapy based on small RNAs in CNS diseases.

Image-guided moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: a multicentric retrospective study (IPOPROMISE).

Background: Moderate hypofractionated radiotherapy is a treatment option for the cure of localized prostate cancer (PCa) patients based on the results of randomized prospective trials, but there is a clinical concern about the relatively short length of follow-up, and real-world results on outcome and toxicity based on cutting-edge techniques are lacking. The objective of this study is to present the long-term results of a large multicentric series.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 1325 PCa patients treated with daily volumetric image-guided hypofractionated radiotherapy between 2007 and 2020 in 16 Centers.

Hitting the refractive target in corneal endothelial transplantation triple procedures: A systematic review.

In phakic patients Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) or Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) are frequently combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (triple procedure). This surgery might cause a refractive shift difficult to predict. Early DMEK and DSAEK results have shown a tendency toward a hyperopic shift.

Nasoseptal flap with extended pedicle dissection based on the maxillary artery: Clinical series of 55 cases.

Nasoseptal flap with extended pedicle dissection is a low morbidity and high success rate flap. It is a flap that can be applied to reconstruct a wide range of ipsilateral skull base defects.