Tuning Electronic and Functional Properties in Defected MoS Films by Surface Patterning of Sulphur Atomic Vacancies.

Defects are inherent in transition metal dichalcogenides and significantly affect their chemical and physical properties. In this study, surface defect electrochemical nanopatterning is proposed as a promising method to tune in a controlled manner the electronic and functional properties of defective MoS₂ thin films. Using parallel electrochemical nanolithography, MoS₂ thin films are patterned, creating sulphur vacancy-rich active zones alternated with defect-free regions over a centimetre scale area, with sub-micrometre spatial resolution.

Free-Cell Area Impact on Stroke Prevention in Asymptomatic Patients Undergoing Carotid Artery Stenting: The "Carotid Artery sTenting And CeLl-area Impact on Stroke and Major Adverse events" (CATACLISMA) Multicenter Registry.

Purpose: The study investigated the association between cell-stent area and cerebrovascular events incidence in asymptomatic patients undergoing carotid artery stenting (CAS).

Materials And Methods: This is an observational, retrospective, multicenter, cohort study. Between 2012 and 2022, all patients undergoing primary CAS for severe asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis were evaluated.

Outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation for native aortic valve regurgitation.

Background: Large datasets of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for pure aortic valve regurgitation (PAVR) are scarce.

Aims: We aimed to report procedural safety and long-term clinical events (CE) in a contemporary cohort of PAVR patients treated with new-generation devices (NGD).

Methods: Patients with grade III/IV PAVR enrolled in the FRANCE-TAVI Registry were selected.

Molecules as Lubricants at the Nanoscale:Tunable Growth of Organic Structures from Nano- to Millimeter-Scale Using Solvent Vapour Annealing.

The creation of ordered structures of molecules assembled from solution onto a substrate is a fundamental technological necessity across various disciplines, spanning from crystallography to organic electronics. However, achieving macroscopic order poses significant challenges, since the process of deposition is inherently impacted by factors like solvent evaporation and dewetting flows, which hinder the formation of well-organized structures. Traditional methods like drop casting or spin coating encounter limitations due to the rapid kinetics of solvent evaporation, leading to limited control over final uniformity and order.

Covalent functionalization by using blue light activated radicals: on the reaction mechanisms of arylazo sulfone binding on graphene.

Covalent functionalization of graphene presents a pivotal strategy to enhance its surface properties and overcome inherent chemical inertness. While diazonium salts have been extensively utilized for this purpose, their limitations necessitate exploration of alternative approaches. Arylazo sulfones, such as diazonium salt derivatives serving as chromophores, offer a promising solution, enabling photochemical reactions under visible light.

Graphene oxide electrodes enable electrical stimulation of distinct calcium signalling in brain astrocytes.

Astrocytes are responsible for maintaining homoeostasis and cognitive functions through calcium signalling, a process that is altered in brain diseases. Current bioelectronic tools are designed to study neurons and are not suitable for controlling calcium signals in astrocytes. Here, we show that electrical stimulation of astrocytes using electrodes coated with graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide induces respectively a slow response to calcium, mediated by external calcium influx, and a sharp one, exclusively due to calcium release from intracellular stores.

Binder assisted graphene derivatives as lubricants in copper: Improved tribological performance for industrial application.

Originally derived from graphite, high-quality single-layer graphene is an excellent anti-wear and -friction additive in metal matrix. Here, the tribological performance of 3 different commercialized graphene derivatives (e.g.

Selective ion transport in large-area graphene oxide membrane filters driven by the ionic radius and electrostatic interactions.

Filters made of graphene oxide (GO) are promising for purification of water and selective sieving of specific ions; while some results indicate the ionic radius as the discriminating factor in the sieving efficiency, the exact mechanism of sieving is still under debate. Furthermore, most of the reported GO filters are planar coatings with a simple geometry and an area much smaller than commercial water filters. Here, we show selective transport of different ions across GO coatings deposited on standard hollow fiber filters with an area >10 times larger than typical filters reported.

Innovative solutions for disease management.

The increasing prevalence of chronic diseases is a driver for emerging big data technologies for healthcare including digital platforms for data collection, systems for active patient engagement and education, therapy specific predictive models, optimized patient pathway models. Powerful bioelectronic medicine tools for data collection, analysis and visualization allow for joint processing of large volumes of heterogeneous data, which in turn can produce new insights about patient outcomes and alternative interpretations of clinical patterns that can lead to implementation of optimized clinical decisions and clinical patient pathway by healthcare professionals.With this perspective, we identify innovative solutions for disease management and evaluate their impact on patients, payers and society, by analyzing their impact in terms of clinical outcomes (effectiveness, safety, and quality of life) and economic outcomes (cost-effectiveness, savings, and productivity).

Controllable Coating Graphene Oxide and Silanes on Cu Particles as Dual Protection for Anticorrosion.

Although two-dimensional nanosheets like graphene could be ideal atomic coatings to prevent corrosion, it is still controversial whether they are actually effective due to the presence of parasitic effects such as galvanic corrosion. Here, we reported a reduced graphene oxide (RGO) coating strategy to protect sintered Cu metal powders from corrosion by addressing the common galvanic corrosion issue of graphene. A layer of silane molecules, namely, (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), is deposited between the surface of Cu particles and the graphene oxide (GO), acting as a primer to enhance adhesion and as an insulating interlayer to prevent the direct contact of the Cu with conductive RGO, mitigating the galvanic corrosion.

Chemical Tailoring of β-Cyclodextrin-Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Adsorption from Drinking Water.

We report on the synthesis of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) modified graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, having different sized alkyl linkers (GO-C -βCD) and their exploitation as sorbent of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from drinking water. βCD were functionalized with a pending amino group, and the resulting precursors grafted to GO nanosheets by epoxide ring opening reaction. Loading of βCD units in the range 12 %-36 % was estimated by combined XPS and elemental analysis.

Mesoscopic 3D Charge Transport in Solution-Processed Graphene-Based Thin Films: A Multiscale Analysis.

Graphene and related 2D material (GRM) thin films consist of 3D assembly of billions of 2D nanosheets randomly distributed and interacting via van der Waals forces. Their complexity and the multiscale nature yield a wide variety of electrical characteristics ranging from doped semiconductor to glassy metals depending on the crystalline quality of the nanosheets, their specific structural organization ant the operating temperature. Here, the charge transport (CT) mechanisms are studied that are occurring in GRM thin films near the metal-insulator transition (MIT) highlighting the role of defect density and local arrangement of the nanosheets.

Surface chemistry and structure manipulation of graphene-related materials to address the challenges of electrochemical energy storage.

Energy storage devices are important components in portable electronics, electric vehicles, and the electrical distribution grid. Batteries and supercapacitors have achieved great success as the spearhead of electrochemical energy storage devices, but need to be further developed in order to meet the ever-increasing energy demands, especially attaining higher power and energy density, and longer cycling life. Rational design of electrode materials plays a critical role in developing energy storage systems with higher performance.

Facile high-yield synthesis and purification of lysine-modified graphene oxide for enhanced drinking water purification.

Lysine-covalently modified graphene oxide (GO-Lys) was prepared by an innovative procedure. Lysine brushes promote enhanced adsorption of bisphenol A, benzophenone-4 and carbamazepine contaminants from tap water, with a removal capacity beyond the state of the art.

Keratin/Polylactic acid/graphene oxide composite nanofibers for drug delivery.

In this work keratin/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) 50/50 wt blend nanofibers with different loadings of graphene-oxide (GO) were prepared by electrospinning and tested as delivery systems of Rhodamine Blue (RhB), selected as a model of a drug. The effect of GO on the electrospinnability and drug release mechanism and kinetics was investigated. Rheological measurements carried out on the blend solutions revealed unsatisfactory compatibility between keratin and PLA under quiet condition.

Lateral dimension and amino-functionalization on the balance to assess the single-cell toxicity of graphene on fifteen immune cell types.

Given the wide variety of potential applications of graphene oxide (GO), its consequent release into the environment poses serious concerns on its safety. The future production and exploitation of graphene in the years to come should be guided by its specific chemical-physical characteristics. The unparalleled potential of single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF) to dissect by high-dimensionality the specific immunological effects of nanomaterials, represents a turning point in nanotoxicology.

Tuneable conductivity at extreme electric fields in ZnO tetrapod-silicone composites for high-voltage power cable insulation.

Resistive Field Grading Materials (RFGM) are used in critical regions in the electrical insulation system of high-voltage direct-current cable systems. Here, we describe a novel type of RFGM, based on a percolated network of zinc oxide (ZnO) tetrapods in a rubber matrix. The electrical conductivity of the composite increases by a factor of 10 for electric fields > 1 kV mm, as a result of the highly anisotropic shape of the tetrapods and their significant bandgap (3.

Visible-Light Assisted Covalent Surface Functionalization of Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets with Arylazo Sulfones.

We present an environmentally benign methodology for the covalent functionalization (arylation) of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets with arylazo sulfones. A variety of tagged aryl units were conveniently accommodated at the rGO surface via visible-light irradiation of suspensions of carbon nanostructured materials in aqueous media. Mild reaction conditions, absence of photosensitizers, functional group tolerance and high atomic fractions (XPS analysis) represent some of the salient features characterizing the present methodology.

All-Electrochemical Nanofabrication of Stacked Ternary Metal Sulfide/Graphene Electrodes for High-Performance Alkaline Batteries.

Energy-storage materials can be assembled directly on the electrodes of a battery using electrochemical methods, this allowing sequential deposition, high structural control, and low cost. Here, a two-step approach combining electrophoretic deposition (EPD) and cathodic electrodeposition (CED) is demonstrated to fabricate multilayer hierarchical electrodes of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and mixed transition metal sulfides (NiCoMnS ). The process is performed directly on conductive electrodes applying a small electric bias to electro-deposit rGO and NiCoMnS in alternated cycles, yielding an ideal porous network and a continuous path for transport of ions and electrons.

Real-time imaging of Na reversible intercalation in "Janus" graphene stacks for battery applications.

Sodium, in contrast to other metals, cannot intercalate in graphite, hindering the use of this cheap, abundant element in rechargeable batteries. Here, we report a nanometric graphite-like anode for Na storage, formed by stacked graphene sheets functionalized only on one side, termed Janus graphene. The asymmetric functionalization allows reversible intercalation of Na, as monitored by operando Raman spectroelectrochemistry and visualized by imaging ellipsometry.

Measurement of the conformational switching of azobenzenes from the macro- to attomolar scale in self-assembled 2D and 3D nanostructures.

It is important, but challenging, to measure the (photo)induced switching of molecules in different chemical environments, from solution through thin layers to solid bulk crystals. We compare the cis-trans conformational switching of commercial azobenzene molecules in different liquid and solid environments: polar solutions, liquid polymers, 2D nanostructures and 3D crystals. We achieve this goal by using complementary techniques: optical absorption spectroscopy, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, Kelvin probe force microscopy and reflectance spectroscopy, supported by density functional theory calculations.

ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Management and association with prognosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in France.

Background: Systems of care have been challenged to control progression of the COVID-19 pandemic. Whether this has been associated with delayed reperfusion and worse outcomes in French patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is unknown.

Aim: To compare the rate of STEMI admissions, treatment delays, and outcomes between the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in France and the equivalent period in 2019.