Enhancing cardiovascular health monitoring: Simultaneous multi-artery cardiac markers recording with flexible and bio-compatible AlN piezoelectric sensors.

Continuous monitoring of cardiovascular parameters like pulse wave velocity (PWV), blood pressure wave (BPW), stiffness index (SI), reflection index (RI), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) has significant clinical importance for the early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Standard approaches, including echocardiography, impedance cardiography, or hemodynamic monitoring, are hindered by expensive and bulky apparatus and accessibility only in specialized facilities. Moreover, noninvasive techniques like sphygmomanometry, electrocardiography, and arterial tonometry often lack accuracy due to external electrical interferences, artifacts produced by unreliable electrode contacts, misreading from placement errors, or failure in detecting transient issues and trends.

Wearable Sensors and Smart Devices to Monitor Rehabilitation Parameters and Sports Performance: An Overview.

A quantitative evaluation of kinetic parameters, the joint's range of motion, heart rate, and breathing rate, can be employed in sports performance tracking and rehabilitation monitoring following injuries or surgical operations. However, many of the current detection systems are expensive and designed for clinical use, requiring the presence of a physician and medical staff to assist users in the device's positioning and measurements. The goal of wearable sensors is to overcome the limitations of current devices, enabling the acquisition of a user's vital signs directly from the body in an accurate and non-invasive way.

Conformable AlN Piezoelectric Sensors as a Non-invasive Approach for Swallowing Disorder Assessment.

Deglutition disorders (dysphagia) are common symptoms of a large number of diseases and can lead to severe deterioration of the patient's quality of life. The clinical evaluation of this problem involves an invasive screening, whose results are subjective and do not provide a precise and quantitative assessment. To overcome these issues, alternative possibilities based on wearable technologies have been proposed.

Direct Scaling of Measure on Vortex Shedding through a Flapping Flag Device in the Open Channel around a Cylinder at ∼10: Taylor's Law Approach.

The problem of vortex shedding, which occurs when an obstacle is placed in a regular flow, is governed by Reynolds and Strouhal numbers, known by dimensional analysis. The present work aims to propose a thin films-based device, consisting of an elastic piezoelectric flapping flag clamped at one end, in order to determine the frequency of vortex shedding downstream an obstacle for a flow field at Reynolds number Re∼103 in the open channel. For these values, Strouhal number obtained in such way is in accordance with the results known in literature.

Piezoelectricity and Biocompatibility of Flexible ScAlN Thin Films for Compliant MEMS Transducers.

There is huge research activity in the development of flexible and biocompatible piezoelectric materials for next-generation compliant micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) transducers to be exploited in wearable devices and implants. This work reports for the first time on the development of flexible ScAlN films deposited by sputtering technique onto polyimide substrates, assessing their piezoelectricity and biocompatibility. Flexible ScAlN films have been analyzed in terms of morphological, structural, and piezoelectric properties.

Reliability of Protective Coatings for Flexible Piezoelectric Transducers in Aqueous Environments.

Electronic devices used for marine applications suffer from several issues that can compromise their performance. In particular, water absorption and permeation can lead to the corrosion of metal parts or short-circuits. The added mass due to the absorbed water affects the inertia and durability of the devices, especially for flexible and very thin micro-systems.

Nitride-Based Materials for Flexible MEMS Tactile and Flow Sensors in Robotics.

The response to different force load ranges and actuation at low energies is of considerable interest for applications of compliant and flexible devices undergoing large deformations. We present a review of technological platforms based on nitride materials (aluminum nitride and silicon nitride) for the microfabrication of a class of flexible micro-electro-mechanical systems. The approach exploits the material stress differences among the constituent layers of nitride-based (AlN/Mo, Si x N y /Si and AlN/polyimide) mechanical elements in order to create microstructures, such as upwardly-bent cantilever beams and bowed circular membranes.

Stalking of psychiatrists: psychopathological characteristics and gender differences in an Italian sample.

Research has indicated that medical doctors and paramedics are at higher risk of being stalked than the general population. In particular, mental health care professionals alone represent one third of the victims of harassment. Because of the lack of studies in this specific sector, especially in Italy, in this study, we examined the stalking of psychiatrists by their patients, considering gender differences and the incidence of stalking in private practice and public mental health clinics in Rome.

[Stalking: clinical and criminological considerations through the results of a research contribution].

Among the extensive results supplied by the psychiatric literature on the subject of stalking, few studies focus on the analysis of persecutory behaviors carried out against mental health professionals, who also identified as one of the most affected sample of victims. Particularly, for studies conducted in this way, further examination requires differentiation according to gender type into the social and personal characteristics of the authors' behavior patterns displayed towards the victims. Aim.

[The investigative and adversarial process in Italy and the United States].

The structure of the US legal system, which relies on the presence of different courts to provide for the impartial administration of justice, both civil and criminal is discussed. Therefore, all the steps to conviction or acquittal of the American criminal trial, are taken into consideration. However, there is the presumption of innocence of the accused and the prosecution must prove his guilt beyond any reasonable doubt.

[Simulation of mental illness].

The DSM-IV-TR defines the simulation an "intentional production of physical or psychological symptoms false or grossly exaggerated, motivated by external incentives". The first point to consider is that it has a near zero prevalence in the general population, occurring almost exclusively in people imprisoned, treated in Forensic Psychiatric Hospital, in individuals subjected to trial, or in personalities seen as deviated from a criminological point of view. Both the criteria to set diagnoses of simulation, previously examined by Foreal and Kaufman since 1943, and the relative suspicion indicators, not separated by 'reasons of simulated behavior, are taken into account.

[Liability, moral consciousness and psychopatology. International comparative profiles].

The paper considers the concepts of intentionality, judgment, desire, awareness and the relative scientific, psychological, psychiatric and neurophysiological studies, including the concept of "moral consciousness" and the evolution of moral standards, marked out by Piaget and Kolberg. There are several references to a psychopathology point of view, for which mental infirmity is independent from the verification of an organic substrate and classification in official nosology (it is said, then, that "it is true that mental infirmity can exist even in the absence of a typical disease of the mind, framed in the scientific classification of mental illness, it is still necessary that a defect in part descended from a morbid state, dependent on a pathological changes in clinically ascertained" (as Cass, Sec. I, n.

[Some Italian research on the phenomenon of filicide].

In this work on the phenomenon of filicide, structured on the basis of the examination of hundreds of cases from 1880 to 2010, the five causes were taken into account: the altruistic filicide, the high psychotic component, that of the unwanted child, accidental filicide, and the spouse revenge filicide. Following the observation of Resnick's (1969) 530 psycho-biographiesss, a more structured typing was developed which on the basis of their motive and/or psychopathology divides mother infanticide into 20 categories: the first 10 imply full imputability, stessor events, for piety, immaturity of the mother, hyperactivity of the child, the son of the blame, Medea syndrome, disturbance dependent, narcissistic, or histrionic personality, unwanted child, depression, behavioral disorders involved in the recruitment of drugs. The remaining 10 are those where there may be impairment of traceability for postpartum psychosis (Brief psychotic disorder), Fundus hysterical plus precipitating factors, major depression, schizophrenia, twilight state, psychotic disorder due to a general medical condition, epilepsy, oligophrenia, multiple sclerosis and multiple personality, which however appears to be quite rare.

[Murder. Italy-USA comparative profiles].

This paper, through illustrative cases of homicidal typologies, examines the generally accepted theories on the subject: 1) sociological ones by Lorenz to Sutherland and Cressey, by Berkowitz to Wolfgang and Ferracuti and others; 2) neurobiological ones, which include the involvement of the limbic, hippocampal and parietal lobes of the brain; 3) the psychological (psychodynamic) ones which are not disjoint from the types of individual criminal homicide and related aspects. In the discussion of the types of murders, family and extrafamilial murders are then taken into consideration, with the various meanings of revenge, challenge, other reasons linked to robbery, theft, settling scores leading to youth gangs and drive-by-shootings of marginalized adolescents, crimes related to drugs and to mental disorders. Infanticide and multiple murder, including mass murder and serial killer, conclude the work together with the statistics of murders and family murders in Italy compared to USA, specifically to the crime clock.

[Family communication and primary prevention].

A good communication within the family is the basis for the primary prevention of discomfort and deviance. With the aim of prevention of the frequent acts of violence within the family, the present article responds to the request of behavioural guidelines in schools, families, communities, and other pedagogical settings. Thus, the delicate issue of self-esteem in adolescents, the dysfunctional parental behaviour and the symptoms of discomfort of the teenagers are discussed.