Multiple Sclerosis Onset before and after COVID-19 Vaccination: Can HLA Haplotype Be Determinant?

A few cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) onset after COVID-19 vaccination have been reported, although the evidence is insufficient to establish causality. The aim of this study is to compare cases of newly diagnosed relapsing-remitting MS before and after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of COVID-19 vaccination. Potential environmental and genetic predisposing factors were also investigated, as well as clinical patterns.

Current Status of Oral Disease-Modifying Treatment Effects on Cognitive Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Cognitive impairment represents one of the most hidden and disabling clinical aspects of multiple sclerosis (MS). In this regard, the major challenges are represented by the need for a comprehensive and standardised cognitive evaluation of each patient, both at disease onset and during follow-up, and by the lack of clear-cut data on the effects of treatments. In the present review, we summarize the current evidence on the effects of the available oral disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) on cognitive outcome measures.

Neurosarcoidosis presenting as longitudinally extensive myelitis: Diagnostic assessment, differential diagnosis, and therapeutic approach.

Neurosarcoidosis is an uncommon and multiform clinical entity. Its presentation as an isolated longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is rare and challenging to identify. We report a case of LETM in a 60-year-old patient with no significant systemic symptoms nor relevant medical history.