De novo cavernous angiomas associated with developmental venous anomaly: a mini-series and literature review.

Background: Despite being previously considered as congenital lesions, recent studies agree to classify cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) as acquired forms with clear correlations with other pathological affections of the central nervous system (CNS). In addition, a special subgroup, notably known as de novo CCMs (dnCCM), are associated in a significant number of cases with developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) and, in other cases, with Radiotherapy treatments.

Methods: A mini-series of 4 patients with clinical history characterized by developing dnCCM is reported.

State-of-Art of Standard and Innovative Materials Used in Cranioplasty.

Cranioplasty is the surgical technology employed to repair a traumatic head injury, cerebrovascular disease, oncology resection and congenital anomalies. Actually, different bone substitutes are used, either derived from biological products such as hydroxyapatite and demineralized bone matrix or synthetic ones such as sulfate or phosphate ceramics and polymer-based substitutes. Considering that the choice of the best material for cranioplasty is controversial, linked to the best operation procedure, the intent of this review was to report the outcome of research conducted on materials used for such applications, comparing the most used materials.

"Single-step" resection and cranio-orbital reconstruction for spheno-orbital metastasis with custom made implant. A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction And Importance: Brain metastasis involving the skull base is a rare complication of malignant tumors. Besides radiotherapy, surgical treatment is a therapeutical option even though it may apply complex technical procedures that may delay complementary therapies. However, in recent days, the innovation of custom-made implants allows treating selected patients with fewer complications and better results.

Synchronized "One-Step" Resection and Cranio-Orbital Reconstruction for Spheno-Orbital Lesions With Custom Made Implant.

Background: In the last few years, skull base tumors involving the fronto-orbital region have been approached with complex, invasive, and time-consuming cranial reconstruction techniques. On the other hand, recent custom-made implants allow easier and faster procedures, with excellent aesthetic results. The authors propose an easy surgical-planned protocol with a synchronized "one-step" resection and reconstruction of these complex lesions, with a preformed poly-methyilmethacrylate (PMMA) cranioplasty.

Ruptured Isolated Aneurysm of a Coronal Branch of the Anterior Spinal Artery: Case Report and Discussion of Treatment Strategies.

Background: Isolated spinal artery aneurysms are an extremely rare cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage. A limited number of case reports and case series have been reported in the literature. Treatment options include conservative management, surgical clipping/trapping, and endovascular procedures.

Factors associated with neurological outcome and lesion progression in traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.

Objective: Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH) is a frequent finding after closed-head injuries, and its presence is a powerful factor associated with poor outcome. The exact mechanism linking tSAH and an adverse outcome is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify the factors that may predict outcomes and changes in the computed tomographic (CT) scans of lesions in a selected population of tSAH patients.

Traumatic encephalocele related to orbital roof fractures: report of six cases and literature review.

Background: Orbital roof fractures after blunt injury are rare. Traumatic encephaloceles in the orbital cavity are even rarer, with only 15 cases published to date.

Methods: The clinical, radiological, and surgical findings of 6 cases of traumatic encephalocele treated at our institution from June 1998 to January 2000 are presented.