Detecting HPV in cutaneous lesions using anti-HPV antibody immunohistochemistry.

Most condyloma are diagnosed clinically (without a biopsy) or histopathologically (if biopsied) without any ancillary testing. In some cases, additional confirmation of productive infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) or typing of HPV is desired, and in situ hybridization (ISH) is the most commonly used test. However, ISH is not readily available in most laboratories and only detects certain genital subtypes of HPV.

Expression of p16 alone does not differentiate between Spitz nevi and Spitzoid melanoma.

Background: Spitz nevi and Spitzoid melanomas show overlapping histopathologic features, often making the diagnosis challenging. The p16 protein functions as a tumor suppressor and loss of its expression may be seen in some melanomas.

Methods: We evaluated 18 Spitz nevi and 19 Spitzoid melanomas from the Yale Spitzoid Neoplasm Repository for p16 expression.

Neuropilin-2 as a useful marker in the differentiation between Spitzoid malignant melanoma and Spitz nevus.

Background: Spitzoid malignant melanoma (SMM) shares many histopathologic features with Spitz nevus (SN). The distinction between SMM and SN remains one of the most difficult diagnostic problems in dermatopathology. Neuropilin-2 (NRP2) is a cytoplasmic/cell surface protein that is a mediator of melanoma-endothelial cell interaction.