Safety and Efficacy of Paclitaxel-Eluting Balloon Angioplasty for Dysfunctional Hemodialysis Access: A randomized trial Comparing with Angioplasty Alone.

Purpose: To assess whether angioplasty of hemodialysis access (HA) stenosis with a drug-coated balloon (DCB) would prevent restenosis in comparison with plain-balloon percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA).

Materials And Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial enrolled 120 patients with dysfunctional arteriovenous fistulae (n = 109) and grafts (n = 11), due to a ≥50% stenosis between March 2014 and April 2018. All patients underwent high-pressure balloon angioplasty and were then randomized to either DCB (n = 60) or PTA (n = 60).

Eye Lens Dosimetry in Interventional Radiology: Assessment With Dedicated Hp(3) Dosimeters.

Purpose: To quantify eye lens dose in interventional radiology and assess whether neck dosimeter is a good surrogate to evaluate eye lens dosimetry.

Methods: Radiation exposure was prospectively measured in 9 interventional radiologists between May and October 2017. Standard Hp(0,07) thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were worn at the neck outside the lead apron, and 2 dedicated eye lens Hp(3) TLDs were placed just above the eyes, one midline and another at the outer edge of the left eye.

Percutaneous Thrombectomy with the JETi8 Peripheral Thrombectomy System for the Treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis.

Purpose: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of the JETi8 peripheral thrombectomy system in treating acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 18 consecutive patients (mean age, 41 years old [range, 15-74 years old]; 5 men and 13 women). There were 21 instances of DVTs (9 iliofemoral, 10 axillosubclavian, and 2 portal), which were treated using the JETi8 thrombectomy device between November 2016 and July 2018.

Clinical Validation of a Semi-Automated Software for Maximal Diameter Measurements for Endovascular Repair Follow-up.

Purpose: To compare automated measurements of maximal diameter (D) of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) orthogonal to luminal or outer wall envelope centerline for endovascular repair (EVAR) follow-up.

Material And Methods: Eighty-three consecutive patients with AAA treated by EVAR who had at least 1 computed tomography (CT) scan before and 2 CT scans after EVAR with at least 5 months' interval were included. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the AAA was achieved with dedicated segmentation software.

Adrenal venous sampling in primary aldosteronism: multinomial regression modeling to detect aldosterone secretion lateralization when right adrenal sampling is missing.

Objective: Difficulty to recognize or canulate the right adrenal vein is the most frequent cause of adrenal venous sampling (AVS) failure. We aimed to assess multinomial regression modeling (MRM) of peripheral and left adrenal vein samplings to detect lateralization of aldosterone secretion when the right AVS is missing.

Methods: Simultaneous bilateral AVS samplings were performed before (basal) and after intravenous cosyntropin injection in 188 consecutive patients between December 1989 and September 2015.

Adrenal vein sampling in primary aldosteronism: concordance of simultaneous vs sequential sampling.

Objective: Many investigators believe that basal adrenal venous sampling (AVS) should be done simultaneously, whereas others opt for sequential AVS for simplicity and reduced cost. This study aimed to evaluate the concordance of sequential and simultaneous AVS methods.

Design And Methods: Between 1989 and 2015, bilateral simultaneous sets of basal AVS were obtained twice within 5 min, in 188 consecutive patients (59 women and 129 men; mean age: 53.

Arteriovenous Fistula Embolization in Suspected Parauterine Choriocarcinoma.

This is a case of choriocarcinoma that did not regress after chemotherapy treatment. A 30-year-old female patient (gravida 2, para 2), presented to our ER with stroke and persistent mild pelvic pain 2 months after a Caesarean section. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an ischemic left hemicerebellar region and a hypervascular mass in the pelvic region.

Results of a randomized clinical trial of external beam radiation to prevent restenosis after superficial femoral artery stenting.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of external beam radiation (EBR) in preventing restenosis after superficial femoral artery (SFA) stenting in comparison with a control group treated with SFA stenting only.

Methods: In this Institutional Review Board-approved study, patients who provided written informed consent were randomly assigned to 0 Gy or 14 Gy of EBR to the stent site 24 hours after SFA stenting. The primary end point was the angiographic binary restenosis rate 2 years after stenting.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) reperfusion after percutaneous embolization: Sensitivity and specificity of non-enhanced CT.

Purpose: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of non-enhanced chest CT to detect reperfusion after pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) embolization.

Materials And Methods: The Institutional Review Board approved this retrospective HIPAA-compliant study and waived the need for patient consent. All consecutive patients who underwent PAVM embolization between January 2000 and April 2011 were included.

Adrenal Vein Sampling in Primary Aldosteronism: Sensitivity and Specificity of Basal Adrenal Vein to Peripheral Vein Cortisol and Aldosterone Ratios to Confirm Catheterization of the Adrenal Vein.

Purpose: To assess the sensitivity and specificity for ratios of adrenal vein cortisol level (Ca) to peripheral vein cortisol level (Cp), adrenal vein aldosterone level (Aa) to peripheral vein aldosterone level (Ap), and combined cortisol and aldosterone levels ("combined ratio") for the detection of successful adrenal vein catheterization ("selectivity") in adrenal vein sampling (AVS) without adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) injection at different cutoff values.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board, and informed consent was waived. AVS was performed in 160 consecutive patients (49 women and 111 men; mean age, 53.

Value of C-Arm Computed Tomography to Evaluate Stent Deployment During Femoro-Popliteal Revascularization.

Purpose: To compare the accuracy of C-arm computed tomography (CT) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in detecting incomplete stent expansion (ISE) after superficial femoral artery (SFA) stenting using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) as a gold standard.

Materials: Fifty patients with symptomatic SFA occlusive disease requiring angioplasty were prospectively included. Once technical success (<30 % residual stenosis) was obtained on post-procedural DSA, C-arm CT and IVUS were acquired.

Coaxial guide wire placement in the right adrenal vein for repeated adrenal venous samplings.

Purpose: Many adrenal venous sampling (AVS) protocols require repeated samplings before and after adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) stimulation. Maintaining catheter selectivity in the adrenal vein over time is essential but can be challenging, especially in the short right adrenal vein, where the catheter is often in an unstable position. The aim of our study was to evaluate guide wire insertion into the right adrenal vein catheter to sustain AVS selectivity (adrenal/peripheral cortisol ratio [Ca/Cp]) over time.

Clinical validation of semi-automated software for volumetric and dynamic contrast enhancement analysis of soft tissue venous malformations on magnetic resonance imaging examination.

Objectives: To evaluate venous malformation (VM) volume and contrast-enhancement analysis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with diameter evaluation.

Methods: Baseline MRI was undertaken in 44 patients, 20 of whom were followed by MRI after sclerotherapy. All patients underwent short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) acquisitions and dynamic contrast assessment.

Cone-beam CT: an additional imaging tool in the interventional treatment and management of low-flow vascular malformations.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of cone-beam computed tomography (CT) during sclerotherapy of low-flow vascular malformations.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-seven cone-beam CT examinations were acquired during 81 sclerotherapy treatments of low-flow malformations in 48 patients: 81 were performed to evaluate sclerosing agent diffusion and six were performed to evaluate needle or catheter positioning before injection of therapeutic agent. Image quality was rated by two observers.

Reproducibility of abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter measurement and growth evaluation on axial and multiplanar computed tomography reformations.

Purpose: To compare different methods measuring abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) maximal diameter (Dmax) and its progression on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scan.

Materials And Methods: Forty AAA patients with two MDCT scans acquired at different times (baseline and follow-up) were included. Three observers measured AAA diameters by seven different methods: on axial images (anteroposterior, transverse, maximal, and short-axis views) and on multiplanar reformation (MPR) images (coronal, sagittal, and orthogonal views).

Percutaneous embolization of iatrogenic arterial kidney injuries: safety, efficacy, and impact on blood pressure and renal function.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous renal artery embolization (RAE) of iatrogenic vascular kidney injuries and the effects of RAE on renal function and arterial blood pressure (BP).

Materials And Methods: Over a 12-year period, 50 consecutive patients with severe hemorrhage after iatrogenic arterial kidney injuries underwent RAE. Technical success was defined as occlusion of the bleeding site, and clinical success was defined as complete bleeding cessation.

Management of peripheral arterial disease: role of computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance angiography.

The recent technological developments of CT and MR units enable fast angiographic acquisitions with an improved spatial and temporal resolution. With advanced 3D visualisation, image post-processing and vessel wall-imaging, these technologies are now almost replacing diagnostic angiography that is now mainly indicated in case of suboptimal computed tomography angiography (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) examinations. Catheter angiography is now used to guide endovascular therapy and the planning of endovascular intervention will rely mainly on CTA or MRA examinations.

Measurements and detection of abdominal aortic aneurysm growth: Accuracy and reproducibility of a segmentation software.

Purpose: To validate the reproducibility and accuracy of a software dedicated to measure abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) diameter, volume and growth over time.

Materials And Methods: A software enabling AAA segmentation, diameter and volume measurement on computed tomography angiography (CTA) was tested. Validation was conducted in 28 patients with an AAA having 2 consecutive CTA examinations.

Renal artery revascularization: predictive value of kidney length and volume weighted by resistive index.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of renal length, volume, and resistive index measurements at Doppler ultrasound and MR angiography in predicting improvement after renal angioplasty.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-one patients underwent Doppler ultrasound examinations and MR angiography before percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty. Renal length, total and cortical volumes, and resistive index were calculated.

Embolization of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations with amplatzer vascular plugs: safety and midterm effectiveness.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Amplatzer vascular plugs (AVPs) for percutaneous closure of arteries feeding pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs).

Materials And Methods: Over a 45-month period, 24 consecutive patients with at least one PAVM treated with an AVP were selected from a database on patients with a PAVM who received embolotherapy. Immediate technical success was defined as the complete absence of flow through the PAVM after embolization without the need for additional embolization material.

Clinical validation of a software for quantitative follow-up of abdominal aortic aneurysm maximal diameter and growth by CT angiography.

Purpose: To compare the reproducibility and accuracy of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) maximal diameter (D-max) measurements using segmentation software, with manual measurement on double-oblique MPR as a reference standard.

Materials And Methods: The local Ethics Committee approved this study and waived informed consent. Forty patients (33 men, 7 women; mean age, 72 years, range, 49-86 years) had previously undergone two CT angiography (CTA) studies within 16 ± 8 months for follow-up of AAA ≥ 35 mm without previous treatment.

Endobronchial dilation for the management of bronchial stenosis in patients after lung transplantation: effect of stent placement on survival.

Purpose: To compare the outcome of patients treated with balloon dilation and stent placement in the management of bronchial strictures after lung transplantation.

Materials And Methods: Forty-one lung recipients were treated with balloon dilation or stent placement between January 1997 and July 2005. Stent placement was reserved for cases of bronchoplasty technical failure or restenosis.

Role of the endothelial lining in endoleak formation and persistence after endovascular repair of aneurysm.

Purpose: To evaluate whether ablation of the endothelial lining of an aneurysm can prevent endoleak persistence after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).

Materials And Methods: Bilateral aneurysms were constructed in common iliac arteries in three different experimental groups. In group 1 (six dogs), 12 aneurysms without collateral outflow were created, the endothelial layer was removed on one side, and stent-grafts were implanted immediately after surgery with endovascular creation of a type I endoleak.

Recovery G2 inferior vena cava filter: technical success and safety of retrieval.

Purpose: To assess the safety and technical success of the retrieval of the Recovery G2 filter when implanted for temporary protection against pulmonary embolism.

Materials And Methods: The Recovery G2 inferior vena cava (IVC) filter was placed in 120 consecutive patients between September 2005 and September 2006 in a single center. Patients had deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (n = 63), pulmonary embolism and DVT (n = 55), and high risk for pulmonary embolism without recent thromboembolic disease (n = 2).

In vivo antegrade fenestration of abdominal aortic stent-grafts.

Purpose: To examine in a canine model the feasibility of antegrade fenestration of abdominal aortic stent-grafts to preserve the patency of the renal arteries.

Methods: Two large dogs underwent antegrade fenestration of stent-grafts in the perirenal aorta. Before fenestration, bare stents were inserted in both renal arteries as fluoroscopic landmarks.