Automated medical avatar animation for warfighter mission simulation.

Background: Virtual representations of human internal anatomy are important for military applications such as protective equipment design, injury severity prediction, thermal analysis, and physiological simulations. High-fidelity volumetric models based on imaging data are typically in static postures and difficult to use in simulations of realistic mission scenarios. This study aimed to investigate a hybrid approach to reposition medical avatars that preserves internal anatomy but allows rapid repositioning of full three-dimensional (3D) meshes.

Biomechanics of Blast TBI With Time-Resolved Consecutive Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Loads.

Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) has become a signature casualty of recent military operations. In spite of significant clinical and preclinical TBI research, current understanding of injury mechanisms and short- and long-term outcomes is limited. Mathematical models of bTBI biomechanics may help in better understanding of injury mechanisms and in the development of improved neuroprotective strategies.

Intranasal Deposition of Accuspray™ Aerosol in Anatomically Correct Models of 2-, 5-, and 12-Year-Old Children.

Background: To our knowledge, quantification of intranasal deposition of aerosol generated by Accuspray(™) (AS) in children has never been published. We hypothesized that deposition would vary significantly with age and with placement of the device within, or outside, of the nostril.

Methods: We tested these hypotheses in anatomically-correct physical models based on CT scans of 2-, 5-, and 12-year-old children with normal, intranasal airways.