Leuprolide Protects Ovarian Reserve in Adolescents Undergoing Gonadotoxic Therapy.

Treatment sequelae compromising reproductive health are highly prevalent in childhood cancer survivors, and a main determinant of health and quality of life. Follicular reserve determines ovarian function life span; thus, its preservation is important in the care of female survivors. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a biomarker to measure functional ovarian reserve.

Comparison of hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency, and adrenal insufficiency following proton and photon radiotherapy in children with medulloblastoma.

Background: Endocrine deficiencies are common following Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in children with brain tumors, but empirical data comparing outcomes following proton (PRT) and photon radiation therapy (XRT) are limited.

Methods: This retrospective chart review compared the incidence of hypothyroidism, Growth hormone deficiency (GHD), and Adrenal insufficiency (AI) in patients with medulloblastoma treated with XRT and PRT between 1997 and 2016. All patients received CSI and had routine endocrine screening labs to evaluate for thyroid dysfunction, GHD, and AI.

Comparison of multimodal surgical and radiation treatment methods for pediatric craniopharyngioma: long-term analysis of progression-free survival and morbidity.

Objective: The authors compared survival and multiple comorbidities in children diagnosed with craniopharyngioma who underwent gross-total resection (GTR) versus subtotal resection (STR) with radiation therapy (RT), either intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) or proton beam therapy (PBT). The authors hypothesized that there are differences between multimodal treatment methods with respect to morbidity and progression-free survival (PFS).

Methods: The medical records of children diagnosed with craniopharyngioma and treated surgically between February 1997 and December 2018 at Texas Children's Hospital were reviewed.

Prevalence of Adrenal Insufficiency and Glucocorticoid Use in Pediatric Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome.

Background: The pathophysiology underlying pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS) is complex and not well understood. There are clear differences between PTCS in adults and pediatrics. Few and isolated case reports have suggested that adrenal function may be involved, yet no large cohort study has examined this relationship.

Association of Adrenal Insufficiency With Pediatric Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome.

Importance: Pediatric pseudotumor cerebri syndrome pathophysiology is complex and not well delineated. Therefore, it is important to identify potential contributors or targets underlying the primary pathogenesis for its development.

Objective: To report cases highlighting the association of pediatric pseudotumor cerebri syndrome with adrenal insufficiency.

Methylphenidate improves weight control in childhood brain tumor survivors with hypothalamic obesity.

Background: Hypothalamic obesity causes unrelenting weight gain for childhood brain tumor survivors. No single therapy has proven effective for treatment. We aimed to evaluate effectiveness of long-term methylphenidate therapy on body mass index (BMI) change in children with hypothalamic obesity.

Hypothalamic-pituitary function following childhood brain tumors: Analysis of prospective annual endocrine screening.

Background: Outcomes for childhood brain tumors are now associated with a five-year survival rate of 75%. Endocrine effects of brain tumors are common, occurring in 43% of patients by 10 years from tumor diagnosis. Optimal timing of screening for endocrinopathies remains undefined.

Hypothalamic Obesity: 4 Years of the International Registry of Hypothalamic Obesity Disorders.

Objective: Hypothalamic obesity (HyOb) is a rare cause of rapid weight gain and early metabolic comorbidities. Effective treatment strategies are limited. The registry collected participant data and compared treatment approaches.

Growth Hormone Therapy for a Child With Severe Cognitive Impairment.

The expansion of growth hormone therapy over the last 3 decades has allowed for treatment of short stature for more children, resulting in increased height for many. However, treatment of idiopathic short stature remains controversial. Treatment decisions for disabled children with idiopathic short stature are even more complicated.

Late endocrine effects of childhood cancer.

The cure rate for paediatric malignancies is increasing, and most patients who have cancer during childhood survive and enter adulthood. Surveillance for late endocrine effects after childhood cancer is required to ensure early diagnosis and treatment and to optimize physical, cognitive and psychosocial health. The degree of risk of endocrine deficiency is related to the child's sex and their age at the time the tumour is diagnosed, as well as to tumour location and characteristics and the therapies used (surgery, chemotherapy or radiation therapy).