Incorporating hydraulic gradient and pumping rate into GALDIT framework to assess groundwater vulnerability to salinity in coastal aquifers: a case study from Urmia Plain, Iran.

The critical role of groundwater in meeting diverse needs, including drinking, industrial, and agricultural, highlights the urgency of effective resource management. Excessive groundwater extraction, especially in coastal regions including Urmia Plain in NW Iran, disrupts the equilibrium between freshwater and saline boundaries within aquifers. Influential parameters governing seawater intrusion-groundwater occurrence (G), aquifer hydraulic conductivity (A), the height of groundwater level above the mean sea level (L), distance from the shore (D), impact of the existing status of seawater intrusion (I), and thickness of the saturated aquifer (T)-merge to shape the GALDIT vulnerability index for coastal aquifers.

Mobility and speciation of geogenic arsenic in bedrock groundwater from the Canadian Shield in western Quebec, Canada.

High arsenic concentrations occur in groundwater collected from a fractured crystalline bedrock aquifer in western Quebec (Canada). Sampling and analysis of water from 59 private wells reveal that more than half of the bedrock wells exceed the Canadian guideline value of 10μg/l for arsenic, whereas shallow wells in unconsolidated surficial deposits are not affected by the contamination. The weathering of arsenic-bearing sulfides present along the mineralized fault zone is considered to be the primary source of arsenic in groundwater.

Exploring Rn as a tool for tracing groundwater inflows from eskers and moraines into slope peatlands of the Amos region of Quebec, Canada.

Peatlands can play an important role in the hydrological dynamics of a watershed. However, interactions between groundwater and peat water remain poorly understood. Here, we present results of an exploratory study destined to test radon (Rn) as a potential tracer of groundwater inflows from fluvioglacial landform aquifers to slope peatlands in the Amos region of Quebec, Canada.

Development and external validation of a highly accurate nomogram for the prediction of perioperative mortality after transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Purpose: Benign prostatic hyperplasia affects 60% of men at the age of 60 years. Transurethral resection of the prostate is the gold standard of therapy. We assessed the 30-day mortality rate after transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia, identified risk factors related to 30-day mortality and developed a model that discriminates among individual 30-day mortality risk levels.

Population-based study of perioperative mortality after retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors.

Objectives: To determine whether retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy (RPLND) perioperative mortality (PM) rates reported from a center of excellence (Indiana University: 0% for primary and 0.8% for postchemotherapy RPLND) are applicable to institutions at large.

Methods: We used the data from 882 assessable patients with nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumor treated with RPLND from 1988 to 1997 accessed from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Population-based analysis of normal Total PSA and percentage of free/Total PSA values: results from screening cohort.

Objectives: To examine the distribution of total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) and percentage of free/total PSA (%f/tPSA) values in patients undergoing prostate cancer screening in Canada.

Methods: The data from 4 consecutive annual prostate cancer screening events held in Montreal, Canada were examined with respect to age, tPSA, and %f/tPSA in 3222 men.

Results: Within the entire cohort, the median PSA level was 1.

A simple and accurate model for prediction of cancer-specific mortality in patients treated with surgery for primary penile squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Cancer-specific mortality (CSM) of patients with primary penile squamous cell carcinoma (PPSCC) may be quite variable. Recently, a nomogram was developed to provide standardized and individualized mortality predictions. Unfortunately, it relies on a large number (n = 8) of specific variables that are unavailable in routine clinical practice.

A critical assessment of the prognostic value of clear cell, papillary and chromophobe histological subtypes in renal cell carcinoma: a population-based study.

OBJECTIVE To assess the magnitude of the effect of histological subtype (HS, the three most common being clear cell, papillary and chromophobe) on cause-specific mortality (CSM) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models included data from 11 618 patients treated with nephrectomy between 1988 and 2004 in nine Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results registries. We tested whether HS represents an independent predictor of CSM, and whether HS adds to the ability of other variables to predict CSM.

Thirty-day mortality after nephrectomy: clinical implications for informed consent.

Background: The existing literature suggests that the surgical mortality (SM) observed with nephrectomy for localised disease varies from 0.6% to 3.6%.