Uroradiological screening for upper and lower urinary tract anomalies in patients with hypospadias: a systematic literature review.

Introduction: Hypospadias is associated with anomalies of the urinary tract, but the exact prevalence and significance of these anomalies are still controversial.

Objectives: To assess the percentage of patients with hypospadias and associated urological anomalies, either requiring or not requiring medical or surgical attention.

Material And Methods: We searched several databases using the following Mesh terms: hypospadias AND urination, ultrasonography, urinary tract/abnormalities, urinary bladder/radiography, ureteral obstruction, hydronephrosis or vesico-ureteral reflux.

Missed appointments in an outpatient clinic for adolescents, an approach to predict the risk of missing.

Purpose: To predict the risk of an adolescent patient to miss an appointment, based on the previous appointments and on the characteristics of the patient and the appointment.

Methods: Two thousand one hundred ninety-three (1873 females) patients aged 12 to 20 years having scheduled at least four appointments were included. We assessed the rate of missed nonexcused appointments of each patient.

Missed appointments in an adolescent outpatient clinic: descriptive analyses of consultations over 8 years.

Question Under Study: Missed appointments represent an important medical and economical issue. Few studies on the subject are reported in the literature, particularly regarding adolescents. Our aim was to characterize missed and cancelled appointments in a multidisciplinary outpatient clinic for adolescents, to assess the effectiveness of a policy aimed at reducing missed appointments by introducing payment for those missed appointments not cancelled in advance, and to compare the rates between staff and resident physicians.