Unleashing of cytotoxic effects of thymoquinone-bovine serum albumin nanoparticles on A549 lung cancer cells.

This research examines the cytotoxic consequences of thymoquinone-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (TQ-BSA NPs) on the A549 lung cancer cell line. UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were employed to verify the biogenic TQ-BSA NPs' size, shape, and distribution. UV-Vis spectrophotometry indicated peaks at 200-300 nm, 500-600 nm, and a prominent peak at 700-800 nm, confirming the presence of TQ-BSA NPs.

Caffeine: A Multifunctional Efficacious Molecule with Diverse Health Implications and Emerging Delivery Systems.

Natural caffeine is found in many plants, including coffee beans, cacao beans, and tea leaves. Around the world, many beverages, including coffee, tea, energy drinks, and some soft drinks, have this natural caffeine compound. This paper reviewed the results of meta-studies on caffeine's effects on chronic diseases.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): Pathophysiology, Drug Targeting Approaches, and Recent Developments in Nanotherapeutics.

The most prevalent reason for vision impairment in aging inhabitants is age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a posterior ocular disease with a poor understanding of the anatomic, genetic, and pathophysiological progression of the disease. Recently, new insights exploring the role of atrophic changes in the retinal pigment epithelium, extracellular drusen deposits, lysosomal lipofuscin, and various genes have been investigated in the progression of AMD. Hence, this review explores the incidence and risk factors for AMD, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, the complement system, and the involvement of bioactive lipids and their role in angiogenesis.

Anticandidal Properties of among the Salt Marsh Plants Collected from Palk Bay and the Gulf of Mannar Coast, Southeastern India.

Tidal wetlands, commonly known as salt marshes, are highly productive ecosystems in temperate regions worldwide. These environments constitute a unique flora composed primarily of salt-tolerant herbs, grasses, and shrubs. This study investigated the therapeutic properties of ten salt marsh plants collected mainly from Palk Bay and Mannar Gulf against Candida disease.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Quercetin, Rutin, and Troxerutin Result From the Inhibition of NO Production and the Reduction of COX-2 Levels in RAW 264.7 Cells Treated with LPS.

Flavonols effectively scavenge the reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and act as immune-enhancing, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-carcinogenic agents. Here, we explored the comparative antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of plant-originating flavonols, like quercetin, rutin, and troxerutin against acetylsalicylic acid. Quercetin and rutin showed a high ability to remove active ROS, but troxerutin and acetylsalicylic acid exhibited little such function.

TPGS-modified Chitosan Nanoparticles of EGFR Inhibitor: Physicochemical and In vitro Evaluation against HepG2 Cell Lines.

Background: Gefitinib (GFN) is an Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved medication to treat lung cancer. However, this investigation aimed to produce and characterize Gefitinib (GFN)-loaded chitosan and soy lecithin nanoparticles (NPs) modified with D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate mono ester (TPGS) and assess their therapeutic potential against HepG2 liver cell lines.

Methods: Chitosan, a cationic polymer with biocompatible and biodegradable properties, was combined with soy lecithin to develop the NPs loaded with GFN using a self-organizing ionic interaction methodology.

Antimicrobial Peptides: The Production of Novel Peptide-Based Therapeutics in Plant Systems.

The increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance is alarming and has a significant impact on the economies of emerging and underdeveloped nations. The redundancy of antibiotic discovery platforms (ADPs) and injudicious use of conventional antibiotics has severely impacted millions, across the globe. Potent antimicrobials from biological sources have been extensively explored as a ray of hope to counter the growing menace of antibiotic resistance in the population.

In Silico Analysis of the Effect of on Controlling Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is a significant type of cancer among women worldwide. Studies have reported the anti-carcinogenic activity of Hydrastis Canadensis (Goldenseal) in cancer cell lines. Hydrastis Canadensis could help eliminate toxic substances due to its anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and other properties.

Protective Effects of Fermented Houttuynia cordata Against UVA and HO-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Skin Keratinocytes.

The biological activities of Houttuynia cordata (H. cordata) fermented with Aureobasidium pullulans (A. pullulans) was investigated for human skin keratinocyte-induced chemical and photo oxidations.

Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidative, and Nitric Oxide-Scavenging Activities of a Quercetin Nanosuspension with Polyethylene Glycol in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Macrophages.

Quercetin (Qu) is a dietary antioxidant and a member of flavonoids in the plant polyphenol family. Qu has a high ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) molecules; hence, exhibiting beneficial effects in preventing obesity, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammation. However, quercetin has low bioavailability due to poor water solubility, low absorption, and rapid excretion from the body.

Antioxidant and Antibacterial Profiling of Pomegranate-pericarp Extract Functionalized-zinc Oxide Nanocomposite.

With the advancement in green nanotechnology, considerable attention is being given to the synthesis of different kinds of nanomaterials for biological applications. In this study, zinc oxide nanocomposites (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using L. (Pomegranate) pericarp ethanolic extract (PE) by the chemical precipitation method.

Bioengineered gold nanoparticles using Cynodon dactylon extract and its cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities.

In this study, simple and green route approach was applied for the synthesis gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) containing an aqueous extract of Cynodon dactylon L. Pers., (C.

Biochemical and molecular aspects of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis: a review.

1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) is a member in the class of hydrazines, strong DNA alkylating agent, naturally present in cycads. DMH is widely used as a carcinogen to induce colon cancer in animal models. Exploration of DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis in rodent models provides the knowledge to perceive the biochemical, molecular, and histological mechanisms of different stages of colon carcinogenesis.

Guava leaves extract ameliorates STZ induced diabetes mellitus via activation of PI3K/AKT signaling in skeletal muscle of rats.

Blood glucose homeostasis and insulin signaling pathway regulation take a vital role in the management of diabetes mellitus. Our present was designed to explore the mechanism of the blood homeostasis, regulation of oxidative stress and insulin signaling pathway by guava leaf extract (GLE). Diabetes mellitus was induced in male albino Wistar by streptozotocin (STZ) (Single dose-40 mg/kg b.

Antidiabetic Activity of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Wedelolactone in RIN-5F Cell Line.

We synthesized the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using wedelolactone (WDL) and characterized them using UV-visible spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopic (SEM), transmission electron microscopic (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopic (AFM) studies. The electronic spectrum exhibited an absorption peak at 535 nm. The FT-IR results proved that WDL was stabilized on the surface of AuNPs by acting as a capping or reducing agent.

Polydatin Encapsulated Poly [Lactic-co-glycolic acid] Nanoformulation Counteract the 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a] Anthracene Mediated Experimental Carcinogenesis through the Inhibition of Cell Proliferation.

In the present study, the authors have attempted to fabricate Polydatin encapsulated Poly [lactic-co-glycolic acid] (POL-PLGA-NPs) to counteract 7,12-dimethyl benzyl anthracene (DMBA) promoted buccal pouch carcinogenesis in experimental animals. The bio-formulated POL-PLGA-NPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) pattern analysis, and transmission electron microscope (TEM). In addition, the nano-chemopreventive potential of POL-PLGA-NPs was assessed by scrutinizing the neoplastic incidence and analyzing the status of lipid peroxidation, antioxidants, phase I, phase II detoxification status, and histopathological changes and in DMBA-treated animals.

Green synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles by Malus domestica and its cytotoxic effect on (MCF-7) cell line.

This article reports the utilization of Malus domestica for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with cytotoxic activity against the Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cell line as well as their antibacterial and radical scavenging potential. The biosynthesized AgNPs were confirmed using various analytical characterization techniques. The cytotoxic effect of Malus domestica-AgNPs (M.

Phloretin loaded chitosan nanoparticles enhance the antioxidants and apoptotic mechanisms in DMBA induced experimental carcinogenesis.

The main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of phloretin loaded chitosan nanoparticles (PhCsNPs) on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced experimental cancer in hamsters. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was induced in male golden Syrian hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA three times a week for 14 weeks.

Phloretin loaded chitosan nanoparticles augments the pH-dependent mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic apoptosis in human oral cancer cells.

The aim of the present investigation is to explore the innovative platform for the synthesis of plant-based nanoparticles, which contain biocompatible and biodegradable carrier of chitosan loaded with phloretin hydrophobic phytochemical applied as a stable anticancer agent. Treatment of cancer uses chemotherapeutic drugs as the cells are resistant to other drugs. However, the usage of therapeutic drug is limited by its poor solubility and low bioavailability.

Guava leaf inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis and increases glycogen synthesis via AMPK/ACC signaling pathways in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Psidium guajava (PG) is a short shrub or tree cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The leaf extract of PG (guava leaf) has been used historically to cure many ailments. However, mechanisms of action of guava leaf in treating diabetes are not fully understood.

Guava Leaf Extract Diminishes Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress, Prevents -Cell Death, Inhibits Inflammation, and Regulates NF-kB Signaling Pathway in STZ Induced Diabetic Rats.

Traditional Chinese medication has been utilized by Chinese medical practitioners to treat the varied symptoms of diabetes mellitus (DM). Notably, guava leaf has been used to treat diabetes in Asia. Our present study has been designed to analyze the action of guava leaf extract (GLE) at the molecular level in treating DM.

7, 8-Dihydroxycoumarin (daphnetin) protects INS-1 pancreatic β-cells against streptozotocin-induced apoptosis.

Background And Objective: Daphnetin (7, 8-dihydroxycoumarin), a natural coumarin compound, is known to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatrory effects. However, the underlying mechanisms of its anti-apoptotic and antidiabetic effects yet not been examined. Therefore, the present work studied the anti-apoptotic and anti-diabetic effects of daphnetin by in vitro experiments.

Antidiabetic properties of dietary flavonoids: a cellular mechanism review.

Background: Natural food products have been used for combating human diseases for thousands of years. Naturally occurring flavonoids including flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavonols, isoflavones and anthocyanidins have been proposed as effective supplements for management and prevention of diabetes and its long-term complications based on in vitro and animal models.

Aim: To summarize the roles of dietary flavonoids in diabetes management and their molecular mechanisms.

Antidiabetic Effects of Simple Phenolic Acids: A Comprehensive Review.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a major public health threat across the globe. Current antidiabetic therapies are based on synthetic drugs that very often have side effects. It has been widely acknowledged that diet plays an important role in the management of diabetes.

Ameliorating effect of eugenol on hyperglycemia by attenuating the key enzymes of glucose metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that diabetes mellitus is a serious health burden for both governments and healthcare providers. This study was hypothesized to evaluate the antihyperglycemic potential of eugenol by determine the activities of key enzymes of glucose metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced into male albino Wistar rats by intraperitoneal administration of STZ (40 mg/kg body weight (b.