Antimicrobial resistance in food-borne pathogens at the human-animal interface: Results from a large surveillance study in India.

Background: The burden of foodborne diseases and antimicrobial resistance carried by key foodborne pathogens in India is unknown due to a lack of an integrated surveillance system at the human-animal interface.

Methods: We present data from the WHO-AGISAR (Advisory Group on Integrated Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance), India project. Concurrent human and animal sampling was done across a large area across north India.

Genome sequence of pan drug-resistant enteroaggregative Escherichia coli belonging to ST38 clone from India, an emerging EAEC/UPEC hybrid pathotype.

Here, we report the genomic characterization of a pan drug-resistant (PDR) enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) isolated from an immunocompromised infant who had diarrhea. The isolate belonged to the sequence type (ST) 38, which is a known enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC)/uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) hybrid strain having multi-drug resistance (MDR). The strain carried genes encoding multiple resistances to carbapenems, third-generation cephalosporins, polymyxin, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin, sulphonamides, and multiple efflux pump genes.

Association of Putative Virulence Genes with HEp-2 Cell Adherence and Biofilm Production in Enteroaggregative Strains Isolated from Acute Diarrheal and Healthy Children, India.

Enteroaggregative  (EAEC) is an emerging enteric pathogen that causes acute and chronic diarrhea in developed and industrialized countries in children. EAEC colonizes the human intestine and this ability to form colonies and biofilm is an important step in pathogenesis. Here, we investigated the relationship between known or putative 22 EAEC virulence genes and biofilm formation in isolates derived from acute diarrhea and healthy children and their aggregative adherence (AA) pattern with Hep-2 cell lines.

Are non-lactose-fermenting important diarrhoeal pathogens in children and adults?

Introduction: Diarrhoeagenic (DEC) remains one of the major causes of acute diarrhoea episodes in developing countries. The percentage of acute diarrhoea cases caused by DEC is 30-40 % in these countries. Approximately 10% of isolates obtained from stool specimens have been reported to be non-lactose-fermenting (NLF).

Phage VMJ710 Can Prevent and Treat Disease Caused by Pathogenic MDR O1 in an Infant Mouse Model.

Cholera, a disease of antiquity, is still festering in developing countries that lack safe drinking water and sewage disposal. , the causative agent of cholera, has developed multi-drug resistance to many antimicrobial agents. In aquatic habitats, phages are known to influence the occurrence and dispersion of pathogenic .

In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Heraclenol as a Novel Bacterial Histidine Biosynthesis Inhibitor against Invasive and Biofilm-Forming Uropathogenic .

Globally, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most frequent bacterial infections. Uropathogenic (UPEC) are the predominant etiological agents causing community and healthcare-associated UTIs. Biofilm formation is an important pathogenetic mechanism of UPEC responsible for chronic and recurrent infections.

Repurposing of FDA approved drugs against uropathogenic Escherichia coli: In silico, in vitro, and in vivo analysis.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a serious health concern worldwide. Treatment of UTIs is becoming a challenge as uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), which is the most common etiological agent, has developed resistance to the main classes of antibiotics. Small molecules that interfere with metabolic processes rather than growth are attractive alternatives to conventional antibiotics.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of Vibrio cholerae over a decade (2002-2016).

Purpose: Emergence and spread of resistance among Vibrio cholerae have become a global public health problem. In India, no consolidated data is available on antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and antibiotic resistance genes.

Methods: A total of 110 representative isolates obtained over a period of 14 years were included.

Prevalence, Virulence Gene Profiling, and Characterization of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli from Children with Acute Diarrhea, Asymptomatic Nourished, and Malnourished Children Younger Than 5 Years of Age in India.

Objective: To study the significance of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) as a pathogen causing acute diarrhea and a commensal in healthy nourished and malnourished children younger than five years of age in the Chandigarh region and to address possible traits of EAEC virulence genes, biofilm formation, phylogroups, and antibiotic resistance that would be correlated with diarrhea or carriage.

Study Design: Stool samples were obtained from children with acute diarrhea (n = 548), as well as nourished (n = 550), and malnourished controls without diarrhea (n = 110). E coli isolates were confirmed as EAEC by pCVD432 polymerase chain reaction.

Comparative analysis of virulence determinants, phylogroups, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of typical versus atypical Enteroaggregative E. coli in India.

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an evolving enteric pathogen that causes acute and chronic diarrhea in developed and industrialized nations in children. EAEC epidemiology and the importance of atypical EAEC (aEAEC) isolation in childhood diarrhea are not well documented in the Indian setting. A comparative analysis was undertaken to evaluate virulence, phylogeny, and antibiotic sensitivity among typical tEAEC versus aEAEC.

Molecular, phylogenetic and antibiotic resistance analysis of enteroaggregative escherichia coli/uropathogenic hybrid genotypes causing urinary tract infections.

Background: Horizontal gene transfer of virulence genes (VGs) from different Escherichia coli pathotypes results in the evolution of hybrid strains. Hybrid genotypes of enteroaggregative E. coli and uropathogenic E.