Mini-versus standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy in pediatric population: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Mini PCNL has gained popularity in adult patients due to reduction in the complication rate with comparable stone free rate. There is paucity of level 1 evidence regarding the benefit of mini PCNL in the pediatric group.

Objective: We performed a randomised study to compare mini PCNL (mPCNL) with standard PCNL (sPCNL) for the management of renal calculi in patients less than 18 years of age in terms of safety, efficacy, and stone-free rate (SFR).

Long term outcomes of Cohen's cross trigonal reimplantation for primary vesicoureteral reflux in poorly functioning kidney.

Background: Open ureteric reimplantation by cross trigonal technique described by Cohen is considered a common surgical option for correction of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). There is a lack of evidence in literature though for what happens to such kidneys, in the long run, particularly those which are poorly functioning.

Aim: To assess the long-term outcomes of ureteric reimplantation in poorly functioning kidneys in children with unilateral primary VUR.

OptiDistillNet: Learning nonlinear pulse propagation using the student-teacher model.

We present a unique approach for learning the pulse evolution in a nonlinear fiber using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) by solving the nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE). Deep network model compression has become widespread for deploying such models in real-world applications. A knowledge distillation (KD) based framework for compressing a CNN is presented here.

Two-Dimensional Weak Antilocalization Signatures Due to Quantum Coherent Transport in Nanocrystalline SnTe.

Nanostructured topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) in the presence of exotic surface states with spin momentum locking reported in individual nanostructures are predicted to hold a great promise for spintronics and quantum computing applications. However, practical application demands a strategy with large-scale production and integration for device applications. In this work, we demonstrate through prominent signatures of weak antilocalization (WAL), arising predominantly from destructive quantum interference on robust surface states, that a correlated TCI phase is possible in the nanobulk assembly of carefully nanostructured quasi-two-dimensional SnTe (edge-to-edge length ∼ 382 nm) synthesized by a simple, rapid, and scalable microwave-assisted solvothermal method.

Role of ureterocalicostomy in management of giant hydronephrosis in children in contemporary practice: Indications, outcomes and challenges.

Introduction: Given the rarity of giant hydronephrosis (GH), ideal surgical approach, assessment of drainage after surgery, expected improvement in renal function and morphological changes in the kidney on follow up have not been studied extensively. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ureterocalicostomy (UC) in unilateral GH with respect to its current indications, outcomes and the challenges associated with it.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analysed data of 25 children (up to the age of 18 years) who underwent UC between January 2008 and January 2019 using open, laparoscopic or robotic-assisted approach.

A robust nitridation technique for fabrication of disordered superconducting TiN thin films featuring phase slip events.

Disorder induced phase slip (PS) events appearing in the current voltage characteristics (IVCs) are reported for two-dimensional TiN thin films produced by a robust substrate mediated nitridation technique. Here, high temperature annealing of Ti/SiN based metal/substrate assembly is the key to produce majority phase TiN accompanied by TiSi & elemental Si as minority phases. The method itself introduces different level of disorder intrinsically by tuning the amount of the non-superconducting minority phases that are controlled by annealing temperature (T) and the film thickness.

Evaluation of polyuria and polydipsia along with other established prognostic factors in posterior urethral valves for progression to kidney failure: experience from a developing country.

Background: Up to 50% of children with posterior urethral valves (PUV) progress to kidney failure. This study aimed to evaluate polyuria and polydipsia and other established variables with later development of kidney failure in children with PUV.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 297 children with PUV who underwent ablation of valves between January 1992 and January 2015 at our tertiary care center.

Urinary Bladder Xanthoma - Is Immunohistochemistry Necessary?

Urinary Bladder Xanthomas (UBX) are non-neoplastic reactive tumor like process. Isolated UBX is rare with only around 15 cases reported (Yu, Patel, & Bonert, 2015). UBX are reported in older patients who present with non specific symptoms like UTI or hematuria.

Paradidymis - Fact/Fiction and its Significance.

A 30-year old infertile male was admitted for microsurgical sub inguinal varicocelectomy. Intraoperatively, two tubular structures of the caliber of neighboring veins were noted. They were distinct from the vas, which was carefully preserved.