Intraosseous meningioma mimicking osteosarcoma.

Background: Predominantly intraosseous meningiomas are rare entities that include true primary intraosseous meningiomas (PIM), as well as meningiomas that may show extensive bone involvement, such as meningiomas. Different hypotheses have been proposed to decipher the origin of PIMs, such as ectopic arachnoid cap cell entrapment during birth or after trauma. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice of such lesions.

Phase-Contrast MRI: Physics, Techniques, and Clinical Applications.

With phase-contrast imaging, the MRI signal is used to visualize and quantify velocity. This imaging modality relies on phase data, which are intrinsic to all MRI signals. With use of bipolar gradients, degrees of phase shift are encoded and in turn correlated directly with the velocity of protons.

Multimodality Imaging of Dementia: Clinical Importance and Role of Integrated Anatomic and Molecular Imaging.

Neurodegenerative diseases are a devastating group of disorders that can be difficult to accurately diagnose. Although these disorders are difficult to manage owing to relatively limited treatment options, an early and correct diagnosis can help with managing symptoms and coping with the later stages of these disease processes. Both anatomic structural imaging and physiologic molecular imaging have evolved to a state in which these neurodegenerative processes can be identified relatively early with high accuracy.

Role of microbiological tests in diagnosis of genital tuberculosis of women with infertility: A view.

Objective: India is a country sharing one fourth of the global incidence of tuberculosis. It is much easier to diagnose pulmonary cases, but challenges are with extrapulmonary cases. Genital tuberculosis is considered as an important cause of infertility in young females in India and difficult to diagnose.

Comparative Study of GeneXpert with ZN Stain and Culture in Samples of Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Introduction: Tuberculosis remains one of the deadliest communicable diseases. There are number of tests available for the diagnosis of tuberculosis but conventional microscopy has low sensitivity and culture although gold standard, but takes longer time for positivity. On the other side, Nucleic acid amplification techniques due to its rapidity and sensitivity not only help in early diagnosis and management of tuberculosis especially in patients with high clinical suspicion like immunocompromised patients, history of contact with active tuberculosis patient etc.

Thoracic renal artery: a rare variant. A case study and literature review.

Background: Variations in the course of paired renal arteries are common and are known causes of iatrogenic injury. However, a thoracic origin of the renal artery is rare and poses a greater risk for iatrogenic injury especially during thoracic endovascular or surgical interventions.

Purpose: To describe a renal artery variant, its clinical implications in the context of procedural interventions, and to provide a literature review on renal artery variations.

Cytogenetic analysis of 1572 cases of Down syndrome: a report of double aneuploidy and novel findings 47,XY, t(14;21)(q13;q22.3)mat,+21 and 45,XX,t(14;21) in an Indian population.

Background: Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic reason for learning disability and congenital malformations in the human population, occurring with an incidence of 1 in 650-1000 newborns.

Objective: The aim of this study was to perform chromosome analysis in suspected DS cases with clinical features such as dysmorphism, epicanthic folds, simian crease, and hypotonia, referred to Super Religare Laboratories, Mumbai, India.

Methodology: Cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures was performed at 550-band level using the modified standard protocol.

Contrast echocardiography: evidence for clinical use.

The failure of echocardiography to give diagnostically useful information in a significant proportion of patients has led to the development of specific contrast agents to enhance imaging. Suitable contrast media must have the ability to modify ultrasound characteristics, be capable of crossing the pulmonary capillary bed, show stability over the duration of a procedure, offer low blood solubility with low toxicity and be rapidly eliminated. The current generation of ultrasound contrast agents comprises microbubbles of a high molecular-weight gas encapsulated in a shell of phospholipid or protein.

Complement C1q reduces early atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice.

We explored the role of the classic complement pathway in atherogenesis by intercrossing C1q-deficient mice (C1qa-/-) with low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice (Ldlr-/-). Mice were fed a normal rodent diet until 22 weeks of age. Aortic root lesions were threefold larger in C1qa-/-/Ldlr-/- mice compared with Ldlr-/- mice (3.

Wild isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from India show restricted polymorphism in T-helper cell epitopes of the circumsporozoite protein.

Genetic polymorphism in T-helper cell epitopic regions of circumsporozoite protein of 148 Plasmodium falciparum isolates from different epidemic and endemic regions of India has been analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. The variation has been found to be regionally unbiased in the sense that identical sequence variation has been found in different regions of India. The variation has also been found to be restricted and could be categorized into four groups.

Genetic diversity of T-helper cell epitopic regions of circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from India.

Genetic variation in the T-helper cell epitopic regions (Th2R and Th3R) of circumsporozoite protein of 135 Plasmodium falciparum isolates collected from different epidemic and endemic regions of India was studied. Variation in the Th2R and Th3R regions was found to exhibit restricted polymorphism and can be grouped. The variations were not regionally biased, as different isolates collected from different regions were found to belong to the same group.

Statin-induced expression of decay-accelerating factor protects vascular endothelium against complement-mediated injury.

Complement-mediated vascular injury is important in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. Because recent evidence shows that statins have beneficial effects on endothelial cell (EC) function independent of lipid lowering, we explored the hypothesis that statins modulate vascular EC resistance to complement through the upregulation of complement-inhibitory proteins. Human umbilical vein and aortic ECs were treated with atorvastatin or simvastatin, and decay-accelerating factor (DAF), membrane cofactor protein, and CD59 expression was measured by flow cytometry.