[Immunological aspects of ovarian cancer: Therapeutic perspectives].

Ovarian cancer is recognized by the immunological system of its host. Initially, it is effective to destroy and eliminate the cancer. But gradually, resistant tumor cells more aggressive and those able to protect themselves by inducing immune tolerance will be selected.

In vivo Real-Time Mass Spectrometry for Guided Surgery Application.

Here we describe a new instrument (SpiderMass) designed for in vivo and real-time analysis. In this instrument ion production is performed remotely from the MS instrument and the generated ions are transported in real-time to the MS analyzer. Ion production is promoted by Resonant Infrared Laser Ablation (RIR-LA) based on the highly effective excitation of O-H bonds in water molecules naturally present in most biological samples.

SALL4 expression in gestational trophoblastic tumors: a useful tool to distinguish choriocarcinoma from placental site trophoblastic tumor and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor.

SALL4 has important functions in embryonic stem cells. The aim of this study was to investigate SALL4 expression in gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. We hypothesized that it could help to distinguish choriocarcinoma, the presumed most primitive form of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, from placental site trophoblastic tumor and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor, which would be more differentiated variants.

How to improve the preoperative staging of presumed early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer?

Purpose Of Investigation: Accurate preoperative staging of early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) is necessary to avoid under or over surgical treatment. The objective is to determine the rate of understaging and to evaluate the accuracy of different methods: hysteroscopy-curettage versus endometrial biopsy in predicting the final stage.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective single-centre study led from 2000 to 2010, included women with EEC preoperatively assessed at low- or intermediate-risk.

Implications of a two-step procedure in surgical management of patients with early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer.

Objective: Since European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) recommendations and French guidelines, pelvic lymphadenectomy should not be systematically performed for women with early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) preoperatively assessed at presumed low- or intermediate-risk. The aim of our study was to evaluate the change of our surgical practices after ESMO recommendations, and to evaluate the rate and morbidity of second surgical procedure in case of understaging after the first surgery.

Methods: This retrospective single-center study included women with EEC preoperatively assessed at presumed low- or intermediate-risk who had surgery between 2006 and 2013.

Pelvic endometriosis in women under 25: a specific management?

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of women under 25 years with pelvic endometriosis and assess their potential for recurrence and fertility after surgery.

Methods: In a comparative retrospective study, 108 patients aged less than 25 years who underwent surgery for pelvic endometriosis were included: 49 in the DIE group (deep infiltrating endometriosis) and 59 in the SE group (superficial endometriosis). The main outcome measures were complications, recurrence and fertility.

[Impact of preoperative breast magnetic resonance imaging on surgical management: experience of two university hospitals].

Objectives: Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has attained a solid position in the diagnosis of breast cancer but its benefit is still to be confirmed in the preoperative staging. The authors assessed the impact of preoperative breast MRI on surgical management of breast cancer in two university hospitals.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective review was realized in two university hospitals and concerned all patients with breast carcinoma who had a surgical first therapy.

[Trophoblast: conductor of the maternal immune tolerance].

Pregnancy is a temporary semi-allograft that survives for nine months. The importance of this event for the survival of the species justifies several tolerance mechanisms that are put into place at the beginning of pregnancy, some of which occur even at the time of implantation. The description of these mechanisms underlines the leadership of the trophoblast.

Spectroimmunohistochemistry: a novel form of MALDI mass spectrometry imaging coupled to immunohistochemistry for tracking antibodies.

MALDI mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is currently used for clinical applications, such as biomarker identification, particularly for the study of solid tumors. The ability to map specific compounds that have been determined to be biomarkers and therapeutic targets is relevant for the evaluation of the efficacy of targeted therapies. This article describes a new method called Spectro-ImmunoHistoChemistry (SIHC), which combines the use of specific antibodies against markers and mass spectrometric imaging in the MS/MS mode.

[Is radical hysterectomy necessary in surgical procedure for early stage cervical cancer?].

Objective: Radical hysterectomy is one of the treatment options for early stage cervical cancer. This surgery results in significant morbidity, especially urinary complications. The objective of the study is to determine the rate and predictive factors of parametrial involvement in early stage cervical cancer and to define a subset of patient at low risk for parametrial disease and potential applicant to less morbid surgery.

Proteomic analyses of serous and endometrioid epithelial ovarian cancers - cases studies - molecular insights of a possible histological etiology of serous ovarian cancer.

Purpose: Epithelial ovarian carcinogenesis may occur de novo on the surface of ovarian mesothelial epithelial cells or from cells originating in other organs. Foreign Müllerian cell intrusion into the ovarian environment has been hypothesized to explain the latter scenario. In this study, MALDI MS profiling technology was used to provide molecular insights regarding these potentially different mechanisms.

[Reexcision for positive margins in the surgery of ductal carcinoma in situ: are there any risk factors?].

Objectives: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a common breast lesion (10% of breast cancers). In most of the cases the standard treatment is a partial mastectomy combined with adjuvant irradiation. However, when positive margins (<2mm) occur, surgical re-excision is necessary.

[Immunological analogies between ovarian cancer and pregnancy].

During pregnancy an environment allowing installation of tolerance toward the fetus is set up locally at the materno-fetal interface. Numerous effectors of immunity are involved in this tolerance (NK cell, T cell, Macrophages, dendritic cell). Specific mechanisms during pregnancy attract locally these immunological cells.

The place of robotics in gynecologic surgery.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic gynecologic surgery has undergone widespread development in recent years. The surgical literature on this subject continues to grow. The goal of this article is to summarize the principal indications for robotic assistance in gynecologic surgery and to offer a general overview of the principal articles dealing with robotic surgery for both benign and malignant disease.

[Immunological aspect of pregnancy].

Pregnancy is a temporary semi-allograft that survives for nine months. The importance of this event for the survival of the species justifies several tolerance mechanisms that are put into place at the beginning of pregnancy, some of which occur even at the time of implantation. The presence of multiple tolerance mechanisms and the richness of the means employed underline the central importance of the trophoblast.

[Diagnosis and management of uterine perforations after intrauterine device insertion: a report of 11 cases].

Objective: Intrauterine device insertion is common. It is however not harmless and uterine perforation can be serious.

Patients And Methods: Eleven cases of uterine perforation after intrauterine device insertion were listed at Tourcoing hospital between 2005 and 2009.

Ovarian cancer molecular pathology.

Ovarian cancer (OVC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality among women in Europe and the United States. Its early detection is difficult due to the lack of specificity of clinical symptoms. Unfortunately, late diagnosis is a major contributor to the poor survival rates for OVC, which can be attributed to the lack of specific sets of markers.

The C-terminal fragment of the immunoproteasome PA28S (Reg alpha) as an early diagnosis and tumor-relapse biomarker: evidence from mass spectrometry profiling.

This study reports on the C-terminal fragment of the 11S proteasome activator complex (PA28 or Reg alpha), a novel ovarian-specific biomarker of early and late stages of ovarian cancer (OVC) relapse, in patient biopsies after chemotherapy. A total of 179 tissue samples were analyzed: 8 stage I, 55 stage III-IV, 10 relapsed serous carcinomas, 25 mucinous carcinomas and 12 borderline and 68 benign ovarian tissue samples. This fragment was detected by MALDI mass spectrometry profiling in conjunction with a novel extraction method using hexafluoroisopropanol (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol; HFIP) solvents for protein solubilization and by immunohistochemistry using a specific antibody directed against the C-terminal fragment of PA28.

[Except fertility, place of myomectomy in perimenopause and after menopause].

More and more perimenopausal and menopausal women seek an alternative to hysterectomy because they desire future pregnancy or wish to retain their uteri even if they have completed childbearing. Myomectomy may be an option. We can't know the evolution of leiomyomas.

[Management of pregnant women with advanced cervical cancer: About five cases observed in Lille from 2002 till 2009. Evaluation of practices referring to the new French recommendations of 2008].

Purpose: An update on the management of invasive cervical cancer (from stage IB) diagnosed during pregnancy with reference to the recent French guidelines.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients for whom invasive cervical cancer was diagnosed during pregnancy and managed jointly by Jeanne-de-Flandres and Roubaix maternity and by Oscar-Lambret cancer center between 2002 and 2009.

Results: Five patients were included: four stage IB1, and one stage IB2.

Fetal microchimerism: benevolence or malevolence for the mother?

For a long time, the conventional view was that the fetus and maternal vascular system are kept separate. In fact there is a two way traffic of cells through the placenta and the transplacental passage of cells is in fact the norm. The fetal cells can persist in a wide range of woman's tissues following a pregnancy or an abortion and she becomes a chimera.

[Vaginal mesh for pelvic organ prolapse repair].

The use of mesh for pelvic organ prolapse repair through the vaginal route has increased within the last decade. The main objective is to improve anatomical results (based on the superiority of sacropexy with meshes when compared to vaginal traditional surgery), with the advantages of the vaginal route. An increasing number of cohort series and randomized control trials have been published.

[Is fetal microchimerism beneficial for the fetus or the mother].

There is a two-way traffic of cells through the placenta during the pregnancy (feta and maternal microchimerisms). Fetal cells migrate in the maternal body where they are present long after birth. The fetal microchimerism may be deleterious for the mother when implicated in the induction of autoimmune diseases and of repeated abortion.