Effects of Varicocele Repair on Testicular Endocrine Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: The objective of this manuscript is to assess the effect of varicocele repair (VR) in patients with clinical varicoceles on serum total testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and inhibin B serum levels.

Materials And Methods: The study was performed in compliance with the Meta-Analysis and Systematic Reviews of Observational Studies (MOOSE) guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). All eligible studies were selected following the PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison/Comparator, Outcomes, Study design) model.

Consensus and Diversity in the Management of Varicocele for Male Infertility: Results of a Global Practice Survey and Comparison with Guidelines and Recommendations.

Purpose: Varicocele is a common problem among infertile men. Varicocele repair (VR) is frequently performed to improve semen parameters and the chances of pregnancy. However, there is a lack of consensus about the diagnosis, indications for VR and its outcomes.

Solitary tubercular renal cyst in a postpartum lady masquerading as an infected giant renal cyst with urosepsis.

Renal tuberculosis presenting as renal cyst is rare. Diagnosing renal tuberculosis in pregnancy is usually delayed due to its atypical presentation. We present a 28-year-old postpartum lady who delivered a healthy baby one month back, with history of intermittent fever and chills.

Isolated flat desmoid-type terminal ileal mesenteric fibromatosis masquerading as lower ureteric stricture-an intraoperative surprise.

Ureteral strictures are usually caused by ureteral calculi, endoscopic instrumentation, infections like tuberculosis, surgical dissection, radiation, malignancy and periureteral fibrosis. A 42-year-old man presented with right loin pain 2 months previously. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed right lower ureteral stricture and he was scheduled for right ureteral reimplantation.

Emphysematous Pyelonephritis Presenting as Pneumomediastinum: A Rare Case Scenario.

Unlabelled: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is characterized by fulminant necrotizing infection of the kidney and perirenal tissues. Emphysematous pyelonephritis presenting as pneumomediastinum is quite rare. A 65-year-old gentleman presented to us with respiratory failure on ventilator support and uncontrolled sugars.

Dengue shock syndrome after percutaneous nephrolithotomy leading to hematuria and renal failure: A rare complication.

Hematuria following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a dreaded complication. It necessitates blood transfusion in up to 10% of patients. It may be severe enough in <1% of patients to require angioembolization.

Primary Vesical Amyloidosis Masquerading as Vesical Calculus in a Retroviral Positive Patient.

The common causes of irritative voiding symptoms in women include cystitis, vesical calculi, carcinoma bladder and neurologic disorders. Isolated primary vesical amyloidosis (VA) is a rare cause of irritative voiding symptoms. A 50-year-old female, a known case of retroviral disease but not on anti-retroviral therapy, presented with right flank and suprapubic pain for six months, worsening over the past 15 days with dysuria.

Outcomes of second-look percutaneous nephrolithotomy in renal calculi-a single centre experience.

Objective: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) carries significant potential for morbidity. Scant data exists on indications and outcomes of second-look PCNL after a failure to completely clear renal stones at the first attempt. We present our experience with second-look PCNL.

Urodynamic profile in posterior urethral valve patients following fulguration: Does age at fulguration matter?

Introduction: Children with posterior urethral valve (PUV) may develop urinary bladder (UB) dysfunction even after valve fulguration (VF). Using Urodynamics (UDS), we sought to identify whether age at VF and time elapsed since VF contributed to UB dysfunction.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2009 and July 2016, 39 PUV patients referred to a tertiary care center for UDS were classified into Groups A and B (based on age if <2 or ≥2 years at VF) and subclassified into Group A1/A2 and B1/B2 depending on time duration after VF (TVU).

Clinical profile and successful outcomes of conservative and minimally invasive treatment of emphysematous pyelonephritis.

Introduction: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare clinical entity, characterized by gas in the renal system, due to an acute, fulminant and potentially fatal necrotizing process with varying clinical presentations. It is much more aggressive than uncomplicated pyelonephritis, with the mortality of 20-40% in the contemporary meta-analysis.

Material And Methods: A retrospective record review of inpatients at the Institute of Nephro Urology, Bangalore, India (2007-2014), who were treated after EPN was diagnosed with the aid of a CT (computed tomography) scan.

Tubeless Pediatric Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Assessment of Feasibility and Safety.

Introduction: Tubeless pediatric percutaneous nephrolithotomy (TL-PCNL) is evolving and adult criteria are being safely applied to children. We examine the feasibility, safety, and outcomes of pediatric TL.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of pediatric (≤18 years) PCNL patients at our institute was done.

Validation of APACHE II scoring system at 24 hours after admission as a prognostic tool in urosepsis: A prospective observational study.

Purpose: Urosepsis implies clinically evident severe infection of urinary tract with features of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). We validate the role of a single Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score at 24 hours after admission in predicting mortality in urosepsis.

Materials And Methods: A prospective observational study was done in 178 patients admitted with urosepsis in the Department of Urology, in a tertiary care institute from January 2015 to August 2016.

Complications after prone PCNL in pediatric, adult and geriatric patients - a single center experience over 7 years.

Introduction: CROES-Clavien system (CCS) for grading complications in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a step towards standardization of outcomes. We categorized complications based on CCS and predicted risk factors across the entire cohort and individually for pediatric (P: ≤18 years), adult (A: 19-65 years) and geriatric (G: ≥65 years) subgroups to assess the risk factors in each subset. We assessed association of complications with length of hospitalization (LOH) and operation time (OT).

Page Kidney in Wunderlich Syndrome Causing Acute Renal Failure and Urosepsis: Successful Timely Minimally Invasive Management of a Devastating Clinical Entity.

Wunderlich Syndrome (WS) is an uncommon condition where acute onset of spontaneous bleeding occurs into the subcapsular and perirenal spaces. It can prove fatal if not recognized and treated aggressively at the appropriate time. A 32-year-old male diagnosed elsewhere as acute renal failure presented with tender left loin mass, fever and hypovolemic shock with serum creatinine 8.

Nasogastric tube as abdominal pressure sensor in urodynamics-Proof of concept of a novel approach.

Aims: The standard sensor for abdominal pressure (Pabd) measurement in urodynamics (UD) is a rectal sensor. In patients where the rectum is not available due to prior surgery or when external anal sphincter (EAS) tone is poor, rectal sensor may slip, making Pabd recording unreliable. Vaginal Pabd measurement and wireless vaginal sensors have been tried.