Resistance Training Increases White Matter Density in Frail Elderly Women.

We aimed to investigate the effects of maternal obesity on brain structure and metabolism in frail women, and their reversibility in response to exercise. We recruited 37 frail elderly women (20 offspring of lean/normal-weight mothers (OLM) and 17 offspring of obese/overweight mothers (OOM)) and nine non-frail controls to undergo magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), positron emission tomography with Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (PET), and cognitive function tests (CERAD). Frail women were studied before and after a 4-month resistance training, and controls were studied once.

Preoperative Posterior Tilt Increases the Risk of Later Conversion to Arthroplasty After Osteosynthesis for Femoral Neck Fracture.

Background: Femoral neck fractures (FNFs) are one of the most common injuries in the elderly. Treatment is either internal fixation or primary arthroplasty. The main aim of this study is to assess the risk factors associated with fixation failure leading to further arthroplasty in FNFs treated with cannulated screws.

Predicting Skeletal Muscle and Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity Using NMR-Metabolomic Profiling.

Purpose: Abnormal lipoprotein and amino acid profiles are associated with insulin resistance and may help to identify this condition. The aim of this study was to create models estimating skeletal muscle and whole-body insulin sensitivity using fasting metabolite profiles and common clinical and laboratory measures.

Material And Methods: The cross-sectional study population included 259 subjects with normal or impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes in whom skeletal muscle and whole-body insulin sensitivity (M-value) were measured during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp.

Dynamic changes in p66Shc mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells following resistance training intervention in old frail women born to obese mothers: a pilot study.

The p66Shc gerontogene may affect healthspan by promoting fat accumulation. We assessed changes of p66Shc-mRNA in peripheral tissues in relation to maternal obesity and the moderating effects of resistance-training (RT) exercise in elderly frail women. Thirty-seven women participated in a 4-month RT program.

Changes in bone metabolism after bariatric surgery by gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy.

Bariatric surgery results in rapid weight loss and beneficial metabolic effects, but may have negative effects on the skeleton. The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate changes in bone metabolism in response to bariatric surgery with two surgical techniques. 46 morbidly obese subjects (mean 44.

Femoral Bone Marrow Insulin Sensitivity Is Increased by Resistance Training in Elderly Female Offspring of Overweight and Obese Mothers.

Unlabelled: Bone marrow insulin sensitivity may be an important factor for bone health in addition to bone mineral density especially in insulin resistant conditions. First we aimed to study if prenatal maternal obesity plays a role in determining bone marrow insulin sensitivity in elderly female offspring. Secondly we studied if a four-month individualized resistance training intervention increases bone marrow insulin sensitivity in elderly female offspring and whether this possible positive outcome is regulated by the offspring’s mother’s obesity status.

Bone mineral density is increased after a 16-week resistance training intervention in elderly women with decreased muscle strength.

Objective: Non-pharmacological interventions are important in reducing risk for osteoporotic fractures. We investigated the effects of a 16-week individualized resistance training intervention on bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers and 10-year relative risk (RR) for osteoporotic fracture.

Design: Interventional study with a follow-up.

Resistance training enhances insulin suppression of endogenous glucose production in elderly women.

An altered prenatal environment during maternal obesity predisposes offspring to insulin resistance, obesity, and their consequent comorbidities, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Telomere shortening and frailty are additional risk factors for these conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of resistance training on hepatic metabolism and ectopic fat accumulation.

Resistance training improves skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity in elderly offspring of overweight and obese mothers.

Aims/hypothesis: Maternal obesity predisposes offspring to adulthood morbidities, including type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance have been associated with shortened telomere length. First, we aimed to investigate whether or not maternal obesity influences insulin sensitivity and its relationship with leucocyte telomere length (LTL) in elderly women.

Bone marrow fat unsaturation in young adults is not affected by present or childhood obesity, but increases with age: A pilot study.

Objectives: Obesity increases bone marrow fat (BMF) content. The association between early obesity and bone marrow fatty acid composition is unknown. We measured BMF unsaturation index (UI) in normal-weight and overweight young adults with a known weight status in early childhood and tested the relationship between BMF UI and exercise history, glycemic state, and other clinical characteristics.

The effects of acute hyperinsulinemia on bone metabolism.

Insulin signaling in bone-forming osteoblasts stimulates bone formation and promotes the release of osteocalcin (OC) in mice. Only a few studies have assessed the direct effect of insulin on bone metabolism in humans. Here, we studied markers of bone metabolism in response to acute hyperinsulinemia in men and women.

Clever-1/stabilin-1 controls cancer growth and metastasis.

Purpose: Immunosuppressive leukocytes and vasculature are important host cell components regulating tumor progression. Clever-1/Stabilin-1, a multifunctional scavenger and adhesion receptor, is constitutively present on a subset of type II macrophages and lymphatic endothelium, but its functional role in cancer is unknown.

Experimental Design: Here, we generated full Clever-1 knockout mice and cell-specific ones lacking Clever-1 either on macrophages or endothelium.

Vertebral bone marrow glucose uptake is inversely associated with bone marrow fat in diabetic and healthy pigs: [(18)F]FDG-PET and MRI study.

Objectives: Diabetes induces osteoporosis and during osteoporosis, vertebral bone marrow (VBM) adipose tissue amount increases. The association between this adiposity and bone marrow metabolism is unclear. Here, we compared VBM glucose metabolism and fat content in healthy and diabetic pigs, in vivo, using positron emission tomography (PET), in-phase and out-of-phase magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance proton spectroscopy ((1)H MR spectroscopy).