Publications by authors named "Villani P"
Unlabelled: We compared applied forces on a newborn manikin face, cuff pressure, and air leak during positive pressure ventilation with a high vs. low resuscitation table. A randomized controlled crossover (AB/BA) trial of face mask ventilation where a neonatal manikin was placed on the resuscitation table adjusted to level operator's xiphoid (high table positioning) or operator's navel (low table positioning).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of frailty on unplanned readmission in older adults: A systematic review.
J Epidemiol Popul Health
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the connection between frailty in older adults and their risk of unplanned hospital readmissions over varying time frames, emphasizing the importance of identifying high-risk individuals.
- Researchers conducted a systematic review of studies published from 2011 to 2021, focusing on adults aged 65 and older, and analyzed data from 44 eligible studies across 16 countries.
- Findings revealed that a significant percentage (up to 84.5%) of frail older adults experience unplanned readmissions, with specific assessment tools like the Hospital Frailty Risk Score and Clinical Frailty Scale being most effective for predicting this risk.
Importance: A multicenter randomized clinical trial (RCT) showed a lung recruitment maneuver using high-frequency oscillatory ventilation just before surfactant administration (ie, intubate-recruit-surfactant-extubate [IN-REC-SUR-E]) improved the efficacy of treatment compared with the standard intubate-surfactant-extubate (IN-SUR-E) technique without increasing the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes.
Objective: To examine follow-up outcomes at corrected postnatal age (cPNA) 2 years of preterm infants previously enrolled in an RCT and treated with IN-REC-SUR-E or IN-SUR-E in 35 tertiary neonatal intensive care units.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a follow-up study of infants recruited into the primary RCT from 2015 to 2018 at 35 tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Italy.
In this systematic review, the potential role of in vivo RF-EMF exposure combined with the administration of well-known carcinogens in tumor promotion/progression is assessed. A total of 25 papers were included in the review. Each paper was assessed for Risk of Bias and for the attribution of the quality category.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- This study investigates the effectiveness of two surfactant administration methods—INtubate-RECruit-SURfactant-Extubate (IN-REC-SUR-E) and less invasive surfactant administration (LISA)—on improving BPD-free survival in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
- A total of 382 preterm infants, born at 24-27 weeks' gestation and not intubated at birth, will be randomly assigned to either method within the first 24 hours of life. The primary outcome being measured is a combination of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age.
Aim: Apnoea of prematurity requires prompt intervention to prevent long-term adverse outcomes, but specific recommendations about the stimulation approach are lacking. Our study investigated the modalities of tactile stimulation for apnoea of prematurity in different settings.
Methods: In this multi-country observational prospective study, nurses and physicians of the neonatal intensive care units were asked to perform a tactile stimulation on a preterm neonatal manikin simulating an apnoea.
Background: The World Health Organization is coordinating an international project aimed at systematically reviewing the evidence regarding the association between radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure and adverse health effects. Reproductive health outcomes have been identified among the priority topics to be addressed.
Objectives: To evaluate the effect of RF-EMF exposure on male fertility of experimental mammals and on human sperm exposed in vitro.
Objectives: Steatotic liver disease is the most frequent chronic liver disease worldwide. Ultrasonography (US) is commonly employed for the assessment and diagnosis. Few information is available on the possible use of artificial intelligence (AI) to ameliorate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Immunocompromised patients can show prolonged shedding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and persistent symptoms, which is called persistent COVID-19.
Case Presentation: We report a case of an immunocompromised patient who was treated for mantle cell lymphoma and was suffering from B-cell depletion. The patient developed persistent COVID-19, which was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests in only sputum and bronchoalveolar fluid which remained positive for at least 112 days.
Article Synopsis
- The study explored the force patterns applied during neonatal intubation using sensorized laryngoscopes on a neonatal manikin, comparing direct and video laryngoscopes.
- It identified three sections of force application during the intubation process, showing distinct differences between the two types of laryngoscopes in terms of force dynamics.
- The findings suggest that using a video laryngoscope requires less force and may help improve understanding and techniques in neonatal intubation, potentially reducing trauma to the tissues.
Article Synopsis
- The Chibanis are aging former immigrant workers in France who arrived in the 1970s and currently live in unsuitable immigrant hostels in Marseille.
- An anthropological study of 67 Chibanis aged 65 and over revealed high levels of chronic diseases and access to general practitioners but low adherence to follow-up medical care.
- The Chibanis face geographical and social isolation, poor socio-economic conditions, and challenges in managing their health, highlighting the need for improved care pathways and targeted prevention efforts.
Article Synopsis
- * A study was conducted to investigate the production of melatonin (ME) in very preterm infants, the metabolism of ME after oral treatment, and the impact on MDA concentrations over 15 days.
- * Results showed that while preterm infants couldn't produce measurable levels of ME initially, those who received ME treatment had significant increases in ME and its metabolite 6-OH-ME, but MDA levels remained relatively stable with a slight trend towards improvement in the ME group.
Background: Training programs on resuscitation have been developed using simulation-based learning to build skills, strengthen cognitive strategies, and improve team performance. This is especially important for residency programs where reduced working hours and high numbers of residents can reduce the educational opportunities during the residency, with lower exposure to practical procedures and prolonged length of training. Within this context, gamification has gained popularity in teaching and learning activities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The World Health Organization is coordinating an international project aimed at systematically reviewing the evidence regarding the association between radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure and adverse health effects. Within the project, 6 topics have been prioritized by an expert group, which include reproductive health outcomes.
Objectives: According to the protocol published in 2021, a systematic review and meta-analyses on the adverse effects of RF-EMF exposure during pregnancy in offspring of experimental animals were conducted.
Article Synopsis
- Older adults (75+) who are frail or dependent often face frequent hospitalizations through emergency departments and can be readmitted shortly after discharge.
- The 2012 social security financing act led to experiments aimed at improving care for the elderly, including the development of a risk assessment tool (TAGRAVPA) at Marseille University Hospital to identify risks of health deterioration and early re-hospitalization.
- A study indicated that TAGRAVPA effectively assesses re-hospitalization risk, demonstrating varying sensitivity and specificity depending on the department, making it a useful tool across hospital settings to tailor care for elderly patients.
Background: Anti-Jo-1 autoantibodies represent essential markers in the diagnosis of antisynthetase syndrome (ASS). In this retrospective study, we aimed to investigate whether their concentrations and fluctuations could both respectively reflect the severity and evolution of ASS.
Methods: Between 2015 and 2020, clinical and biological features of ASS patients with at least one positive measure of anti-Jo-1 autoantibody were collected.
Unlabelled: Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) may be considered by health caregivers of level I-II hospitals for neonatal resuscitation and stabilization before and during interhospital care, but literature provides little information on this aspect. This study reviewed the use of LMA during stabilization and transport in a large series of neonates. This is a retrospective study evaluating the use of LMA in infants who underwent emergency transport by the Eastern Veneto Neonatal Emergency Transport Service between January 2003 and December 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * Conducted in three French hospitals from February 2021 to February 2022, the research analyzed the outcomes of 235 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, matching them to reduce bias in treatment allocation.
- * Results indicated that both medications had similar effects on 28-day mortality rates, in-hospital mortality, oxygen requirements, ICU admissions, and secondary infection rates, suggesting comparable safety and efficacy.
Background: We compared surfactant administration with a rigid versus soft catheter in a manikin simulating an extremely preterm infant.
Methods: Randomized controlled crossover (AB/BA) trial. Fifty tertiary hospital consultants and pediatric residents.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to assess the quality of life (QoL) of lung cancer survivors five years post-diagnosis, comparing those aged 70 and over with younger survivors, while identifying factors linked to poorer QoL in both age groups.
- The research included 371 lung cancer patients from a national survey, revealing that issues like self-consciousness and suspected neuropathic pain primarily impacted older survivors' physical and mental QoL, while factors like gender and cancer severity affected younger patients.
- The findings suggest tailored psychological support and physical activities for improving QoL, emphasizing the need for pain management strategies for older patients experiencing neuropathic pain.
Aim: Less invasive surfactant administration is becoming increasingly popular, but health-care providers may experience some difficulties in achieving the correct positioning of the catheter in the trachea. We compared catheters with marked versus unmarked tips in terms of correct depth positioning in the trachea, total time, number of attempts and participant's opinion on using the device in a manikin model.
Methods: A randomised controlled crossover trial of surfactant administration with less invasive surfactant administration catheters with marked versus unmarked tip in a preterm infant manikin.
Admission to hospital is a critical transition point for the continuity of care in medication management. Medication reconciliation can identify and resolve errors due to inaccurate medication histories. The practice of medication reconciliation is securing for the patient because of the medication errors detected with significant clinical impact.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: In adult mannequins, videolaryngoscopy improves glottic visualization with lower force applied to upper airway tissues and reduced task workload compared with direct laryngoscopy. This trial compared oropharyngeal applied forces and subjective workload during direct vs indirect (video) laryngoscopy in a neonatal mannequin.
Methods: We conducted a randomized crossover trial of intubation with direct laryngoscopy, straight blade videolaryngoscopy, and hyperangulated videolaryngoscopy in a neonatal mannequin.