Relationship between IL-17, TNF-α, IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-18 polymorphisms with the outcome of hepatitis B virus infection in the Turkish population.

Objective: Hepatitis B virus is a global threat that can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. For the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus, polymorphisms might be an option for gene treatments. This study aimed to investigate the effects of IL-17, TNF-α, IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-18 gene polymorphisms on hepatitis B virus infection in the Turkish population.

miR-21-3p and miR-192-5p in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Objectives: Microribonucleic acids (microRNA/miRNA/miR-) are predicted to be useful in the early diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We aimed to investigate the relationship of DN to miR-21-3p, miR-29a-3p, miR-29b-3p, miR-29c-3p, miR-126-3p, miR-129-1-3p, miR-137, miR-192-5p, miR-212-3p, and miR-320c.

Methods: There were 50 healthy controls and 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

The miRNA content of circulating exosomes in DLBCL patients and in vitro influence of DLBCL-derived exosomes on miRNA expression of healthy B-cells from peripheral blood.

Background: Due to the heterogeneous nature of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), the mechanisms underlying tumor development and progression have not yet been fully elucidated.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the characteristics of plasma exosomes of DLBCL patients and healthy individuals and to evaluate the exosomal interactions between DLBCL cell lines and normal B-cells.

Methods: Exosome isolation was performed using an ultracentrifugation-based protocol from plasma of 20 patients with DLBCL and 20 controls.

Determination of the pathways of potential muscle damage and regeneration in response to acute and long-term swimming exercise in mice.

The objective of the current study was examining early and late (3, 24 h) responses to acute, chronic swimming exercise as muscle damage and regeneration in gastrocnemius-soleus muscle complexes. We also aimed to reveal the signaling pathways involved. 8-12 weeks old mice were grouped as control, exercise.

Serum Caspase-1 levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: Caspase-1 is implicated in several important inflammatory diseases and controls adipocyte differentiation and insulin sensitivity. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine and plays an important role in chronic inflammatory conditions. This study was planned to determine if there is any relationship between Caspase-1 and IL-10 levels in women with PCOS.

Contribution of Heme Oxygenase 2 to Blood Pressure Regulation in Response to Swimming Exercise and Detraining in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.

BACKGROUND We aimed to determine the effects of exercise followed by detraining on systolic blood pressure (SBP), heme oxygenase 2 (HO-2) expression, and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) concentration in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) to explain the role of carbon monoxide (CO) in this process. MATERIAL AND METHODS Animals were randomized into exercised and detrained groups. Corresponding sedentary rats were grouped as Time 1-2.

Characterizing the Association Between Toll-like Receptor Subtypes and Nephrolithiasis With Renal Inflammation in an Animal Model.

Objective: To show experimentally induced renal stone disease and to evaluate secondary inflammatory responses in vivo, and to characterize changes in the expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) subtypes in this model.

Methods: Twenty 5- to 6-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into control and hyperoxaluria groups (n = 10 per group) and were supplied with normal water or 1% ethylene glycol, respectively, for 16 weeks. The animals were then placed in metabolic cages, and urine was collected for a 24-hour urine oxalate level evaluation.

Human TLR gene family members are differentially expressed in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

Purpose: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have an important role in the activation of both innate and adaptive immunity in response to pathogens and endogenous danger signals from damaged or dying cells. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between urothelial carcinoma (UC) and TLR expression.

Basic Procedures: Real-time polymerase chain reaction evaluation was made of the messenger RNA expression of TLRs 1-10 in 24 UC samples and 46 nontumoral bladder tissue samples.

MYD88 expression and L265P mutation in mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

Background: Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88) is a common adaptor protein that is responsible for signaling from several receptors; mutations in this gene may play a role in the pathogenesis of lymphoma.

Aim: We aimed to determine the MYD88 L265P mutation frequency, the level of MYD88 expression, and their associations with clinicopathological parameters in mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs).

Methods: A total of 68 patients were included in the study.

Possible Role of GADD45γ Methylation in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Does It Affect the Progression and Tissue Involvement?

Objective: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma among adults and is characterized by heterogeneous clinical, immunophenotypic, and genetic features. Different mechanisms deregulating cell cycle and apoptosis play a role in the pathogenesis of DLBCL. Growth arrest DNA damage-inducible 45 (GADD45γ) is an important gene family involved in these mechanisms.

The effects of apelin treatment on a rat model of type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: Apelin is an adipokine that plays a role in the regulation of many biological functions in mammals including the neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, immune systems, glucose homeostasis and obesity. It can act via autocrine, paracrine, endocrine, and exocrine signaling. We aimed to identify the role of apelin pathophysiology of diabetes.

Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms in age-related macular degeneration in a Turkish population.

Aim: To assess the association between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene.

Methods: The patients who were diagnosed with AMD were included in this prospective study. Three SNPs (rs1413711, rs2146323, and rs3025033) of the VEGF gene were genotyped by real-time polymerase chain reaction in the genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood samples of the 82 patients and 80 controls.

Apelin effects on blood pressure and RAS in DOCA-salt-induced hypertensive rats.

Apelin, a novel multifunctional peptide implicated in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, including blood pressure and cardiac function control, has been postulated to be involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension and hypertensive heart disease. The aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time, whether the effects of apelin's chronic application might be involved in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt-induced hypertensive rats (DOCA-salt rats). In this study, 8-10-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, control + apelin, DOCA-salt rats, DOCA-salt rats + apelin.

Characterization of mono- and mixed-culture Campylobacter jejuni biofilms.

Campylobacter jejuni, one of the most common causes of human gastroenteritis, is a thermophilic and microaerophilic bacterium. These characteristics make it a fastidious organism, which limits its ability to survive outside animal hosts. Nevertheless, C.

Expression of ERCC1 and its clinicopathological correlations in non-small cell lung cancer.

Excision Repair Cross-Complementing Group 1 (ERCC1) is an important DNA repair gene, playing critical role in nucleotide excision repair pathway and having a significant influence on genomic instability. Some studies support that ERCC1 might be a potential predictive and prognostic marker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ERCC1 has also been shown to be a promising biomarker in NSCLC treated with a cisplatin-based regimen.

The determination of relationship between "excision repair cross-complementing group 1" (ERCC1) gene T19007C and C8092A single nucleotide polymorphisms and clinicopathological parameters in non-small cell lung cancer.

DNA repair plays a key role in prevention of carcinogenesis and one of the most important DNA repair mechanisms is nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. This pathway includes a number of genes such as excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) gene which are responsible for the 5' incision of damaged DNA. A reduced DNA repair capacity associated with ERCC1 mRNA level has been observed in lung carcinogenesis.

Expression and amplification of Topoisomerase-2α in type 1 and type 2 papillary renal cell carcinomas and its correlation with HER2/neu amplification.

The current study was undertaken to investigate chromosomal and genetical aberrations leading to overexpression of Topoisomerase-2α (TOP2α) and to reveal the possible association of these aberrations with HER2/neu overexpression and gene amplification, and to search for the relationship between TOP2α and HER2/neu status with prognostical biomarkers in papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a group of tumors with diverse molecular, chromosomal and clinical features. Archival cases of papillary RCC obtained from Departments of Pathology of Pamukkale, Ege and Dokuz Eylul Universities were studied in two groups (type 1 and type 2) each containing 20 cases. The level of TOP2α and HER2/neu expression by tumor cells were determined immunohistochemically.

Determination of apoptosis, proliferation status and O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase methylation profiles in different immunophenotypic profiles of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Objective: Our aim was to investigate the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins (bcl-2, bcl-xl, bax, bak, bid), apoptotic index (AI) and proliferation index (PI) in germinal center B-cell-like immunophenotypic profile (GCB) and non-GCB of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Methods: The methylation status of the promoter region of O6-methylguanine-DNA yerine O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene and its relation with immunophenotypic differentiation of DLBCLs were also investigated. 101 cases were classified as GCB (29 cases) or non-GCB (72 cases).

Determination of O⁶-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase promoter methylation in non-small cell lung cancer.

Aberrant methylation of promoter CpG islands is known to be a major inactivation mechanism of the tumor-related genes including DNA repair genes. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of promoter methylation of the O⁶-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene as a DNA repair gene in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to analyze the correlation with clinicopathological parameters including age, gender, smoking status, histological subtype, and clinical stage. Eighty patients with NSCLC were included in this study.

The mRNA expression of cytochrome P450 isoforms in human gastric tissue.

Background/aims: Human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) comprises a multigene family of microsomal enzymes that metabolize a wide variety of xenobiotics, including drugs and carcinogens. Although the a number of CYP enzymes were also detected in epithelial cells along the gastrointestinal tract, little is known about the expression of CYP genes in gastric tissue.

Methodology: In this study, the expression patterns of CYP isoforms was investigated in a total of 14 antral biopsy tissues obtained from the patients with either chronic gastritis (n = 6) or cancer (n = 8) by gene-specific real-time reverse transcriptase -PCR analyses.

Detection of cytochrome P450-2A6, -3A5 and -4B1 with real-time polymerase chain reaction in prostate tissue.

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a heme-containing enzyme superfamily metabolizing a wide variety of xenobiotics, including drugs and carcinogens. The majority of CYP genes are expressed in the liver, however, some CYP isoforms are also reported for a number of extra hepatic tissues. We analyzed Cytochrome P450-2A6, -3A5 and -4B1 mRNAs using real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in a total of 21 homogenized prostate tissues with or without malignancy.

Campylobacter spp. and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in poultry: an epidemiological survey study in Turkey.

The current study aimed at determining the prevalence and the antimicrobial resistance profiles of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. infecting broiler chickens. A total of 240 caecal samples from six slaughterhouses were examined for the presence of Campylobacter spp.

The detection of hipO gene by real-time PCR in thermophilic Campylobacter spp. with very weak and negative reaction of hippurate hydrolysis.

A total of 190 Campylobacter spp. isolates, of which 34 gave the result of very weak activity, and 156 gave the negative activity in the test for hippurate hydrolysis were characterized. The genomic DNA was isolated from a fresh culture of each isolate and the real-time PCR, targeting the hipO gene, was used to confirm the species distribution of Campylobacter isolates.