Enhancement of in vitro transcellular absorption and in vivo oral bioavailability of apigenin by self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems.

This study aims to develop a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) to solve the limited oral bioavailability problem of apigenin, a bioactive flavonoid. Apigenin-loaded SNEDDS consisting of Gelucire 44/14, Tween 80, and PEG 400 in the mass ratios of 25:37.5:37.

Antihyperglycemic activity of a novel polyherbal formula (HF344), a mixture of fifteen herb extracts, for the management of type 2 diabetes: Evidence from and studies.

Antihyperglycemic effects of a novel polyherbal formula (HF344), comprising fifteen Thai herbal extracts, were elucidated for pharmacological mechanisms and potential for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus, by employing , , and approaches. LC/MS analysis of HF344 extract revealed several phytoconstituents, with piperine identified as the major active compound. HF344 extract significantly enhanced insulin secretion in RINm5F cells and inhibited glucose uptake into the everted sacs of the mouse small intestine in a concentration-dependent manner compared to the control (p < 0.

Antihyperglycemic effects of leaf extract and .

Context: (Craib) A. Schmitz (LS) (Fabaceae) has traditionally been used to treat diabetes mellitus.

Objective: This study demonstrates the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of aqueous extract of LS leaves and .

Inhibitory effects of Triphala on CYP isoforms and its pharmacokinetic interactions with phenacetin and midazolam in rats.

Context: Direct evidence of Triphala-drug interactions has not been provided to date.

Objective: This study was aimed to determine the effects of Triphala on cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and to investigate pharmacokinetic interactions of Triphala with CYP-probes in rats.

Materials And Methods: Effects of Triphala on the activities of CYP isoforms and P-gp were examined using human liver microsomes (HLMs) and Caco-2 cells, respectively.

Evaluation of in vitro transdermal permeation, mass spectrometric imaging, and in vivo analgesic effects of pregabalin using a pluronic lecithin organogel formulation in mice.

In clinical practice, pregabalin is orally administered for neuropathic pain, but causes severe central nervous system side effects, such as dizziness, which results in dose limitation or discontinuation. To reduce the central side effects of pregabalin, we developed four pregabalin preparations for transdermal application: 0.4% aqueous solution, pluronic lecithin organogel (PLO gel), hydrophilic cream, and lipophilic cream.

The selective cytotoxicity of silver thiosulfate, a silver complex, on MCF-7 breast cancer cells through ROS-induced cell death.

Background: Silver is a transition metal that is known to be less toxic than platinum. However, only few studies have reported the anticancer effects of some silver complexes and their possibility as an alternative to platinum complex. This study investigated the anticancer effects of the silver thiosulfate complex (STS), [Ag(SO)], consisting of silver and sodium thiosulfate.

Effects of dosing frequency on the clinical efficacy of ampicillin/sulbactam in Japanese elderly patients with pneumonia: A single-center retrospective observational study.

This study sought to investigate whether dosing frequency (the number of doses per day) affects the antimicrobial efficacy and safety of ampicillin/sulbactam (ABPC/SBT) in Japanese elderly pneumonia patients treated with ABPC/SBT at 6 g/day. This was a retrospective observational study that included hospitalized elderly patients (aged ≥75 years, 10 ml/min ≤CLcr <50 ml/min) who received 3 g every 12 h (BID; n = 61) or 1.5 g every 6 h (QID; n = 45) for the treatment of pneumonia.

Nonlinear Disposition and Metabolic Interactions of Cannabidiol Through CYP3A Inhibition in Rats.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is known to affect the pharmacokinetics of other drugs through metabolic inhibition of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4. However, there is a lack of evidence for such drug interactions. Therefore, we investigated the saturability of CBD metabolism and CBD-drug interactions through inhibition of CYP3A .

and evidence of hypouricemic and anti-inflammatory activities of (Lour.) Corner heartwood extract.

(Lour.) Corner (MC) heartwood extracts have been used for the treatment of gout, hyperuricemia, and inflammation in Thai traditional medicine. Despite their traditional use, their mechanisms of action remain unknown.

Antidiabetic effects of (Lour.) corner heartwood extract.

Background And Aim: (MC) (Lour.) heartwood extract have been used traditionally to treat diabetes in Thailand, but their mechanism of action has not been elucidated.

Experimental Procedure: This study investigated the effects of an aqueous heartwood extract of MC on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities.

Development of a Novel Nano-emulsion Formulation to Improve Intestinal Absorption of Cannabidiol.

Background: Cannabidiol (CBD) is highly lipophilic, and its oral bioavailability is known to be very low in humans. In this study, we developed a novel nanoemulsion preparation of CBD (CBD-NE) to improve the poor solubility and absorption of CBD. The pharmacokinetic profiles of CBD in rats were evaluated after oral administrations of CBD oil and CBD-NE, and the effect of bile secretion on CBD absorption was also evaluated.

Epac is required for exogenous and endogenous stimulation of adenosine A receptor for inhibition of angiotensin II-induced collagen synthesis and myofibroblast differentiation.

Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays an important role on the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. Prolong and overstimulation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor with Ang II-induced collagen synthesis and myofibroblast differentiation in cardiac fibroblasts, leading to cardiac fibrosis. Although adenosine and its analogues are known to have cardioprotective effects, the mechanistic by which adenosine A receptors (ARs) inhibit Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis is not clearly understood.

Pharmacological effects of Chatuphalatika in hyperuricemia of gout.

Context: Chatuphalatika (CTPT), is a Thai herbal formulation mixture of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (Euphorbiaceae), Terminalia belerica Linn. (Combretaceae), T.

Sustained β-AR stimulation induces synthesis and secretion of growth factors in cardiac myocytes that affect on cardiac fibroblast activation.

Paracrine factors, including growth factors and cytokines, released from cardiac myocytes following β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation regulate cardiac fibroblasts. Activated cardiac fibroblasts have the ability to increase collagen synthesis, cell proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation, leading to cardiac fibrosis. However, it is unknown which β-AR subtypes and signaling pathways mediate the upregulation of paracrine factors in cardiac myocytes.

Comparison of adverse events following injection of original or generic docetaxel for the treatment of breast cancer.

Purpose: The approval of injectable generic drugs does not require bioequivalence testing. However, although generic products contain the same level of the active compound, the levels and types of additives present can differ from those used in the original product. Since docetaxel is highly lipophilic, polysorbate 80 (PS80), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and ethyl alcohol are employed to solubilize this anticancer agent.

Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Activities of the Water Extract of Aquilaria crassna Leaves in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-Induced Type-2 Diabetic Mice.

Antidiabetic effect of the water extract of Aquilaria crassna (A. crassna) leaves was recently claimed by some diabetic patients in Thailand, whereas its experimental evidence has not been published yet. The present study was therefore conducted to investigate pharmacological activities of the water extract of A.