Effect of optical fiber diameter and laser emission mode (cw vs pulse) on tissue damage profile using 1.94 µm Tm:fiber lasers in a porcine kidney model.

Purpose: To evaluate the ablation capacity using two Thulium fiber lasers (TFL) in a porcine kidney model.

Methods: All tissue samples were mounted on a motorized stage for a precise speed of cutting. A continuous wave (cw) TFL and a super pulsed (SP) TFL were used at power settings of 60 and 120 W with 200 and 600 µm laser fibers.

High power holmium:YAG versus thulium fiber laser treatment of kidney stones in dusting mode: ablation rate and fragment size studies.

Objectives: The experimental Thulium fiber laser (TFL) is currently being studied as a potential alternative to the gold standard Holmium:YAG laser for lithotripsy. Recent advances in both Holmium and TFL technology allow operation at similar laser parameters for direct comparison. The use of a "dusting" mode with low pulse energy (0.