Improving agglomeration efficiency of aerosols with sizes less than 2.5 µm by generation of vortex streams in inhomogeneous ultrasonic field.

In this paper a new approach to increase the agglomeration efficiency of finely dispersed aerosols by generating toroidal vortex streams in inhomogeneous ultrasonic field is proposed and studied. From the obtained experimental results (for two types of emitters) it could be established that the toroidal vortex streams generated in an inhomogeneous ultrasonic field provide an increase of the agglomeration efficiency when exposed to a gas-dispersed flow injected into the agglomeration chamber at a speed of up to 0.2 m/s.

Experimental and computer study of the mechanism and identification of conditions for energy-efficient removal of moisture from materials under ultrasonic exposure.

The article is devoted to investigation of energy-efficient moisture removal from capillary-porous materials. Moisture is removed by dispersion at collapse of cylindrical cavitation bubbles, formed by ultrasonic vibrations in the capillaries of the material. Mathematical model, which allowed to investigate the mechanism of moisture dispersion, has been developed.

Detergent-Resistant Membranes in Chloroplasts and Mitochondria of the Halophyte under Salt Stress.

Halophytes represent important models for studying the key mechanisms of salt tolerance. One approach to the development of new knowledge of salt tolerance is to study the properties of detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs). In this work, the lipid profiles of DRMs of chloroplasts and mitochondria of euhalophyte Willd, before and after their exposure to shock concentrations of NaCl, have been investigated.

Effect of Salinity on Leaf Functional Traits and Chloroplast Lipids Composition in Two C and C Chenopodiaceae Halophytes.

Salt stress is one of the most common abiotic kinds of stress. Understanding the key mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants involves the study of halophytes. The effect of salinity was studied in two halophytic annuals of Chenopodiaceae Willd.

Balance of Δ-and Δ-sterols and stanols in halophytes in connection with salinity tolerance.

Sterols (STs) have a key role in regulating the fluidity and permeability of membranes in plants (phytosterols) that have wide structural diversity. We studied the effect of structural STs diversity on salt tolerance in halophytes. Specifically, we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), including two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCxGC-MS), to assess the STs composition in leaves of 21 species of wild-growing halophytes from four families (Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Tamaricaceae) and three ecological groups (Euhalophytes (Eu), recretophytes (Re), salt excluders (Ex)).

Effect of NaCl, copper and cadmium ions on halophytes with different types of salt resistance: accumulation, physiological and biochemical reactions.

The capacities of the euhalophyte SaLi-Cornia perennans Willd. and glycohalophyte Artemisia santonica L. to accumulate NaCl, Cu, and Cd, as well as their physiological and biochemical responses to these compounds, was investigated.

Summation of high-frequency Langevin transducers vibrations for increasing of ultrasonic radiator power.

This article presents the results of the development and study of an ultrasonic radiator (US radiator) of increased power, which is designed for control, location, cavitation processing of liquids, and coagulation of foreign particles in a gaseous media at frequencies from 30 to 90 kHz. The proposed method of vibration summing of low-power high-frequency Langevin transducers on a diametrically vibrating the summing radiating element (summator) allowed developing such a US radiator. The selecting of shape and the search of optimal dimensions allowed creating real designs of US radiator with operating frequency up to 90 kHz.

Ultrasonic Transducer With Increased Exposure Power and Frequency up to 100 kHz.

A new design of a high-frequency piezoelectric transducer with a power from 70 to 1800 W (designed for radiation into liquids and gases of ultrasonic (US) vibrations in the frequency range of 30,…,100 kHz) is proposed. It is based on the principle of summation on a diametrically vibrating summing plate of vibrations of radially mounted Langevin transducers. The method of their design was created and the optimal design dimensions of the transducers were established.

Improving the separation efficient of particles smaller than 2.5 micrometer by combining ultrasonic agglomeration and swirling flow techniques.

The method for increasing the separation efficiency of particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers by combined ultrasonic agglomeration and swirling flow technique is proposed in the article. The swirling flow creates areas with an increased concentration of particles on the outer radius of the vortex.

Detergent-resistant microdomains (lipid rafts) in endomembranes of the wild halophytes.

In the present work, we studied detergent-resistant membrane microdomains (DRM) of chloroplasts and mitochondria - organelles that provide photosynthesis and respiration in a plant cell. The objects of the study were euhalophyte Salicorniaperennans Willd., which relates to salt-accumulating plants and glycohalophyte Artemisia santonica L.

Structural and molecular strategy of photosynthetic apparatus organisation of wild flora halophytes.

Structural and molecular parameters of photosynthetic apparatus in plants with different strategies for the accumulation of salts were investigated. CO gas exchange rate, content of pigments, mesostructure, chloroplast ultrastructure and the biochemical composition of the membrane structural components in leaves were measured. The objects of the study were euhalophytes (Salicornia perennans, Suaeda salsa, Halocnemum strobilaceum), crynohalophyte (Limonium gmelinii), glycohalophyte (Artemisia santonica).

Seasonal dynamic of morpho-physiological properties and the lipid composition of Plantago media (Plantaginaceae) in the Middle Volga region.

The changes in morpho-physiological properties and lipid composition have been studied in the leaves of the plant Plantago media collected from two different places in the Middle Volga region during the summer of 2010. The plants gathered from the first plot (P1 plants) grew on plain ground in the midst of typical meadow-steppe perennial plants. The plants of the second group (P2 plants) grew on a flat slope of the South-West exposition, in the grass community.

The effect of copper ions on the lipid composition of subcellular membranes in Hydrilla verticillata.

The paper studies changes in the content and composition of lipids in the membranes of chloroplasts, mitochondria and microsomes of the aquatic plant Hydrilla verticillata exposed to copper ions (100 μM; 1, 3, 6 and 24 h). The rate of copper accumulation and the coefficient of its extraction by the plant were also determined. The presence of copper in the incubation medium and its accumulation in the plant tissues decreased the content of photosynthetic pigments, stimulated lipid peroxidation and enhanced membrane permeability.