Publications by authors named "Viktor H Ahlqvist"
Background: The importance of adolescent cardiorespiratory fitness for long-term risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains poorly investigated, and whether the association is influenced by unobserved familial confounding is unknown.
Methods: We conducted a sibling-controlled cohort study based on all Swedish men who participated in mandatory military conscription examinations from 1972 to 1995 around the age of 18, and who completed standardized cardiorespiratory fitness testing. The outcome was T2D, defined as a composite endpoint of diagnosis in inpatient or specialist outpatient care, or dispensation of antidiabetic medication, until 31 December 2023.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how using antidepressants during pregnancy impacts various birth outcomes, including stillbirth and preterm delivery.
- It analyzed data from over 2.5 million births across the UK and Scandinavia, discovering that 4.8% of deliveries involved mothers who used antidepressants.
- Results indicate a slight increase in risks for negative outcomes like stillbirth and low Apgar scores linked to maternal antidepressant use, but these risks remained low overall and might be influenced by underlying mental health conditions.
The teratogenic potential of valproate in pregnancy is well established; however, evidence regarding the long-term safety of other antiseizure medications (ASMs) during pregnancy remains limited. Using routinely collected primary care data from the UK and nationwide Swedish registries to create a cohort of 3,182,773 children, of which 17,495 were exposed to ASMs in pregnancy, we show that those exposed to valproate were more likely to receive a diagnosis of autism, intellectual disability, and ADHD, when compared to children not exposed to ASMs. Additionally, children exposed to topiramate were 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Recent studies have suggested an increasing prevalence of intellectual disability diagnoses in some countries. Our aim was to describe the trend in the prevalence of intellectual disability diagnoses in Sweden and explore whether associated sociodemographic and perinatal factors can explain changes in the prevalence.
Methods: We used a register-based nationwide cohort of residents in Sweden born between 2001 and 2011.
Background: Low bone density and osteoporosis are indications for bone-specific treatment. However, given the limited availability of bone density data in clinical practice and the fact that most patients with hip fracture do not have osteoporosis, accurate prediction of hip fracture risk in the absence of bone density data would be crucial.
Methods: This development and validation study included the entire Swedish population aged 50 years or older in 2005 (N = 3,340,977) and was conducted by cross-linking data from nationwide registers.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the differences in the impact of overweight and obesity on pregnancy outcomes between Swedish-born and migrant women in high-income Sweden, aiming to understand potential health inequalities.
- It utilized a population-based cohort approach, analyzing data from various national registries to assess adverse pregnancy outcomes related to maternal weight, while excluding cases with incomplete data on BMI, country of birth, or other necessary variables.
- Out of over 2.2 million singleton pregnancies analyzed between 2000 and 2020, the final cohort comprised nearly 2 million pregnancies, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation of how overweight and obesity affect pregnancy outcomes across different maternal backgrounds.
Background: Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with epilepsy. Reasons for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly understood.
Aim: We aimed to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determine the extent and possible origins of these conditions.
Objective: To investigate whether the higher risks of certain cancers associated with high cardiorespiratory fitness can be explained by increased detection and unobserved confounders.
Design: Nationwide sibling-controlled cohort study of adolescents.
Setting: Sweden.
Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is a score that includes modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Four health behaviors (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure and sleep health) and four health factors (non-HDL cholesterol, blood glucose, blood pressure and body mass index) are included. These modifiable risk factors promote inflammation, and inflammation is one of the biological mechanisms of cardiovascular disease development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major global health issue, primarily caused by atherosclerosis. Psychological factors may play a role in the development and progression of CVD. However, the relationship between psychological factors and atherosclerosis is complex and poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: It has been reported that physical activity levels decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous studies often relied on self-reported physical activity, which has low accuracy. Studies based on objectively measured physical activity have had short data collection periods, thereby not allowing the consideration of pre-pandemic levels of physical activity or the influence over the different waves of the pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Several studies suggest that acetaminophen (paracetamol) use during pregnancy may increase risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children. If true, this would have substantial implications for management of pain and fever during pregnancy.
Objective: To examine the associations of acetaminophen use during pregnancy with children's risk of autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and intellectual disability.
Background: The potential association between mode of obstetrical delivery and subsequent sexual outcomes of the birthing parent remains uncertain and has not been well investigated from the perspective of positive sexual life satisfaction.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate if there was any association between mode of delivery and subsequent sexual life satisfaction of the birthing parent. A secondary aim was to assess the extent to which this association changed when stratified by time elapsed since delivery.
Objectives: To examine the associations between physical fitness in male adolescents and coronary and carotid atherosclerosis in middle age.
Methods: This population-based cohort study linked physical fitness data from the Swedish Military Conscription Register during adolescence to atherosclerosis data from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study in middle age. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using a maximal cycle-ergometer test, and knee extension muscular strength was evaluated through an isometric dynamometer.
Purpose: To monitor cardiovascular health, in 2022, the American Heart Association (AHA) updated the construct "Life's Simple 7" (LS7) to "Life's Essential 8" (LE8). This study aims to analyze the associations and capacity of discrimination of LE8 and LS7 in relation to self-rated health (SRH) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
Methods: This study from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) included 28 731 Swedish participants, aged 50-64 years.
Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is the most common obstetric liver disorder and is associated with an increased risk of iatrogenic preterm birth and adverse infant outcomes. Hence, there are several plausible pathways through which ICP could affect offspring neurodevelopment. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have investigated these associations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To examine associations between body mass index (BMI) in early pregnancy and gestational weight gain (GWG) with cardiovascular health in middle age using the 'Life's Essential 8' (LE8) concept of the American Heart Association (AHA).
Design: Population-based cohort study.
Setting: Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS).
Importance: Cardiovascular risk factors in youth have been associated with future cardiovascular disease (CVD), but conventional observational studies are vulnerable to genetic and environmental confounding.
Objective: To examine the role of genetic and environmental factors shared by full siblings in the association of adolescent cardiovascular risk factors with future CVD.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This is a nationwide cohort study with full sibling comparisons.
Objective: To examine the associations between the American Heart Association scores ("Life's Essential 8" [LE8] and "Life's Simple 7" [LS7]) and 2 subclinical coronary atherosclerosis indicators: coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA)-stenosis and coronary artery calcium (CAC).
Patients And Methods: We included a population-based sample, aged 50 to 64 years, recruited between 2013 and 2018 from the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study (n=24,819, 50.3% women).
Background: To quantify cardiovascular health (CVH), the American Heart Association (AHA) recently launched an updated construct of the "Life's Simple 7" (LS7) score, the "Life's Essential 8" (LE8) score. This study aims to analyse the association between both CVH scores and carotid artery plaques and to compare the predictive capacity of such scores for carotid plaques.
Methods: Randomly recruited participants aged 50-64 years from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) were analysed.
Objective: To examine antiseizure medication (ASM) prescription during pregnancy.
Design: Population-based drug utilisation study.
Setting: UK primary and secondary care data, 1995-2018, from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD version.