Coal bottom ash derived zeolite (SSZ-13) for the sorption of synthetic anion Alizarin Red S (ARS) dye.

SSZ-13 zeolite was successfully synthesized from coal bottom ash (CBA) upon hydrothermal treatment for selective sorption of Alizarin Red S (ARS) dye. The characterization of CBA, and SSZ-13 were performed using BET, SEM, FTIR, XRF, and XRD techniques. The optimal fusion ratio (CBA: NaOH) was identified as 1:3, resulting zeolite SSZ-13 with a specific surface area of 206.

Comparative studies on thermochemical behavior and kinetics of lignocellulosic biomass residues using TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS.

In the present study, similarities and variances in thermochemical behavior and composition of degradation products among cellulose, lignin, and agricultural residues (sawdust, black tea, barley, bagasse, rice husk, and corncob) were assessed using TG analysis, DSC, TG-FTIR, and Py-GC/MS. The experimental results indicated the temperature range of maximum mass loss between 295-430 °C for cellulose, 155-600 °C for lignin, and 150-500 °C for agricultural residues representing the feedstock's active pyrolysis region. The FTIR analysis established the presence of CO, CC, CO, CO, CO, and CH gaseous functional groups with a strong synergistic effect.

Progressive utilisation prospects of coal fly ash: A review.

The rapid surge in global energy needs has paved way for the development of various alternatives to natural resources every now and then. However, dependence on coal-based energy has not reduced greatly. Thus, massive quantities of coal fly ash (CFA) are generated worldwide, which is a serious threat to ecology owing to constraints associated with its storage and disposal.

Preparation and characterization of animal bone powder impregnated fly ash catalyst for transesterification.

The present work reconnoitres the feasibility of utilizing class F fly ash and calcined animal bone powder (CABP) as raw material for the synthesis of heterogeneous solid base catalyst with varying ratios (CABP of 10, 20, and 30 mass%), that is subsequently used for transesterification of mustard oil. Physicochemical characterization of CABP revealed crystalline behavior, signifying one of the components as hydroxyapatite (HAP); when calcined at 900 °C transforms to β-tricalcium phosphate having a specific surface area of 100 m g. The synthesized catalyst showed improved catalytic activity when compared to the parental species and the optimal value to achieve the highest conversion of 90.

Transesterification of waste cooking oil using pyrolysis residue supported eggshell catalyst.

The present study focusses on synthesis and characterization of eggshell supported pyrolysis residue (char) as a heterogeneous base catalyst for transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO). The influence of structural, compositional, and morphological properties on catalytic activity to optimize reaction time, methanol: oil molar ratio (6:1, 9:1, 12:1, 15:1 and 18:1), and catalyst concentration (10, 20, and 30 mass%) in biodiesel production from WCO were evaluated. The particle size distribution of pyrolysis residue, calcined eggshell, and the synthesized catalyst was in the range of 0.

Selective preparation of zeolite X and A from flyash and its use as catalyst for biodiesel production.

This work discusses the utilization of flyash for synthesis of heterogeneous catalyst for transesterification. Different types of zeolites were synthesized from alkali fusion followed by hydrothermal treatment of coal flyash as source material. The synthesis conditions were optimized to obtain highly crystalline zeolite based on degree of crystallinity and cation exchange capacity (CEC).