Shared decision-making and disease management in advanced cancer and chronic kidney disease using patient-reported outcome dashboards.

Objectives: To assess the use of a co-designed patient-reported outcome (PRO) clinical dashboard and estimate its impact on shared decision-making (SDM) and symptomatology in adults with advanced cancer or chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Materials And Methods: We developed a clinical PRO dashboard within the Northwestern Medicine Patient-Reported Outcomes system, enhanced through co-design involving 20 diverse constituents. Using a single-group, pretest-posttest design, we evaluated the dashboard's use among patients with advanced cancer or CKD between June 2020 and January 2022.

Outcomes following robotic assisted total knee arthroplasty compared to conventional total knee arthroplasty.

Introduction: This study elaborates on previous research to compare length of stay, complication rates, and total cost between patients undergoing robotic assisted total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) and conventional total knee arthroplasty (cTKA). We hypothesized that patients undergoing rTKA would have reduced length of stay, lower complication rates, improved perioperative outcomes, and higher total healthcare costs than those undergoing cTKA.

Methods: Data were collected from the National Inpatient Sample Database Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project between the years 2016-2019.

Uncemented Hemiarthroplasty in Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures is associated with Higher Perioperative Surgical Complications but Lower Medical Complications: Analysis from the National Inpatient Database.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze and compare the perioperative outcomes of cemented and uncemented hemiarthroplasty in elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures by utilizing the data from the National Inpatient Sample database.

Methods: Data from the National Inpatient Sample Database was analyzed to identify patients who underwent hemiarthroplasty following a displaced femoral neck fracture (cemented and uncemented. Demographic data, comorbidities, length of stay, total charges, and perioperative complications were analyzed.

Racial variations in complications and costs following total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective matched cohort study.

Introduction: In this study, we evaluate how race corresponds to specific complications and costs following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Our hypothesis was that minority patients, comprising Black, Asian, and Hispanic patients, would have higher complication and revision rates and costs than White patients.

Methods: Data from 2014 to 2016 were collected from a large commercial insurance database.

Complications and Costs Associated With Ethnicity Following Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Minority patients often have greater numbers of complications, revisions, and costs after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study investigates how race correlates with specific surgical complications, revisions, and total costs following THA both before and after propensity matching.

Methods: Data from 2014-2016 were collected from a large commercial insurance database known as PearlDiver.

Postoperative complications of spinal vs general anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing hip hemiarthroplasty.

Introduction: Elderly patients with hip fractures are at high risk for mortality due to postsurgical complications. Hip hemiarthroplasty is a routine procedure done in elderly patients for surgical repair  of femoral neck fractures. Both general and spinal anesthesia can be used in elderly patients undergoing hemiarthroplasty.

What enhances the in-hospital mortality following total hip arthroplasty? A national inpatient sample-based study.

Purpose: With prolonged life expectancy and advancements in prosthetic designs, the proportion of patients belonging to diverse age groups undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) has progressively increased. In this context, the details regarding risk factors associated with mortality after THA, and its prevalence need to be clearly understood. This study sought to identify the possible co-morbidities associated with post-THA mortality.

A Case of Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) Syndrome in a Patient Receiving Peritoneal Dialysis With Icodextrin Exposure.

Icodextrin solutions are associated with rashes within a few weeks of initial exposure. However, severe skin reactions are rarely reported. Cessation of icodextrin is necessary for treatment, though systemic steroids were used in a few cases.

Differences Between Total Ankle Replacement and Ankle Arthrodesis in Post-operative Complications and Reoperations at 30 Days and One Year.

Purpose Total ankle replacement (TAR) and ankle arthrodesis (AA) are two commonly performed procedures for end-stage arthritis of the ankle joint. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in the rates of complications and reoperations at both 30 days and one year within a matched sample of TAR and AA patients from a large database population. Methods A commercially available patient database record, known as the PearlDiver database (www.

Shorter versus longer corticosteroid duration and recurrent immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated AKI.

Background: Corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment for immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated acute kidney injury (ICPi-AKI), but the optimal duration of therapy has not been established. Prolonged use of corticosteroids can cause numerous adverse effects and may decrease progression-free survival among patients treated with ICPis. We sought to determine whether a shorter duration of corticosteroids was equally efficacious and safe as compared with a longer duration.

Patient-Reported Outcome Dashboards Within the Electronic Health Record to Support Shared Decision-making: Protocol for Co-design and Clinical Evaluation With Patients With Advanced Cancer and Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes-symptoms, treatment side effects, and health-related quality of life-are important to consider in chronic illness care. The increasing availability of health IT to collect patient-reported outcomes and integrate results within the electronic health record provides an unprecedented opportunity to support patients' symptom monitoring, shared decision-making, and effective use of the health care system.

Objective: The objectives of this study are to co-design a dashboard that displays patient-reported outcomes along with other clinical data (eg, laboratory tests, medications, and appointments) within an electronic health record and conduct a longitudinal demonstration trial to evaluate whether the dashboard is associated with improved shared decision-making and disease management outcomes.

The impact of obesity on total knee arthroplasty outcomes: A retrospective matched cohort study.

Background: Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a common orthopaedic surgery to treat advanced knee arthritis. Post-operative complications can be affected by obesity, defined as a body mass index of 30 kg/m or higher. We examine the rates of specific complications, revision rates, and costs of care following TKA and compare them between multifactor matched obese and non-obese patients.

The Impact of Obesity on Total Hip Arthroplasty Outcomes: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study.

Aim Previous research has shown that obesity is associated with worse postoperative outcomes. We aim to determine how rates of specific complications after total hip arthroplasty (THA) align with obesity status. We hypothesize that obese patients would have higher rates of complications and cost and thus have worse outcomes than non-obese patients.

Systematic Analysis of Actively Transcribed Core Matrisome Genes Across Tissues and Cell Phenotypes.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly dynamic, well-organized acellular network of tissue-specific biomolecules, that can be divided into structural or core ECM proteins and ECM-associated proteins. The ECM serves as a blueprint for organ development and function and, when structurally altered through mutation, altered expression, or degradation, can lead to debilitating syndromes that often affect one tissue more than another. Cross-referencing the FANTOM5 SSTAR (Semantic catalog of Samples, Transcription initiation And Regulators) and the defined catalog of core matrisome ECM (glyco)proteins, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 511 different human samples to annotate the context-specific transcription of the individual components of the defined matrisome.

Erenumab for episodic migraine.

In this review, the authors provide an overview of erenumab, a monoclonal antibody used for the preventative treatment of episodic migraine by targeting the pathway. Randomized controlled trials have shown that erenumab is associated with a statistically significant decrease in monthly migraine days in patients with episodic migraine at monthly doses of 70 or 140 mg when given for a period of 9-12 weeks. analyses have also shown long-term maintenance of efficacy.

Comparison of Self-Reported Empathy Levels among Dental Undergraduate Students in Northern India: A Questionnaire-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Context: Empathy is one of the fundamentals of communication relevant within the practice of dentistry, and the research is limited in this field.

Aims: The present study was conducted to assess the self-reported empathy levels among dental undergraduate students in Lucknow city of Northern India.

Settings And Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among three dental colleges of Lucknow city during July 2019-September 2019.

TAFRO Syndrome and Elusive Diagnosis of Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease Treated with Empiric Anti-Interleukin-6 Therapy.

TAFRO syndrome is defined by the presence of thrombocytopenia (T), anasarca (A), fever (F), reticulin fibrosis/renal dysfunction (R), and organomegaly (O) and can be seen with idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) or as an isolated process without iMCD. Although the diagnosis of iMCD in patients with TAFRO can be challenging to make, iMCD should remain high on the differential diagnosis. Similar to iMCD, the pathophysiology of TAFRO is not well understood but is thought to be related to hypercytokinemia, with interleukin (IL)-6 playing a pivotal role.

AL Amyloidosis Presenting With Crescentic Glomerulonephritis.

Kidney amyloidosis typically presents with nephrotic-range proteinuria. Rare cases of crescentic glomerulonephritis have been reported in patients with kidney amyloidosis but most cases were in the setting of patients with AA amyloidosis from long-standing inflammation and malignancy. We present a case of a previously healthy man in his 70s who was admitted with severe acute kidney injury, nephrotic-range proteinuria, and nephritic urinary sediment.

Renal Considerations in COVID-19: Biology, Pathology, and Pathophysiology.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged into a worldwide pandemic of epic proportion. Beyond pulmonary involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a significant subset of patients experiences acute kidney injury. Patients who die from severe disease most notably show diffuse acute tubular injury on postmortem examination with a possible contribution of focal macro- and microvascular thrombi.

COVID-19-Associated Glomerular Disease.

Background: Studies have documented AKI with high-grade proteinuria in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In some patients, biopsies have revealed collapsing glomerulopathy, a distinct form of glomerular injury that has been associated with other viruses, including HIV. Previous patient reports have described patients of African ancestry who developed nephrotic-range proteinuria and AKI early in the course of disease.