Effect of Childcare Influenza Vaccine Requirement on Vaccination Rates, New York City, 2012-2020.

Objectives: In 2014, New York City initiated a childcare influenza vaccine requirement to increase influenza vaccination rates among children aged 6-59 months attending city-regulated childcare, including prekindergarten. We evaluated the requirement's effect on vaccination rates in childcare-aged children in New York City.

Methods: We examined influenza vaccination rates in children aged 6-59 months and by age groups of 1, 2, 3, and 4 years for 8 influenza seasons (2012-2013 through 2019-2020), representing 2 seasons before the requirement, 2 seasons during the requirement, 2 seasons after its suspension, and 2 seasons after its reinstatement.

Surveillance data confirm multiyear predictions of rotavirus dynamics in New York City.

Prediction skill is a key test of models for epidemic dynamics. However, future validation of models against out-of-sample data is rare, partly because of a lack of timely surveillance data. We address this gap by analyzing the response of rotavirus dynamics to infant vaccination.

Measuring Adolescent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Coverage: A Match of Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic and Immunization Registry Data.

Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is recommended for adolescents. By the end of 2013, 64% of female and 40% of male New York City residents aged 13-18 years had received ≥1 HPV vaccine dose. Adolescents attending sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics are at high risk for HPV exposure and could benefit from vaccination.

Effects of Health Level 7 Messaging on Data Quality in New York City's Immunization Information System, 2014.

Objective: We compared the quality of data reported to New York City's immunization information system, the Citywide Immunization Registry (CIR), through its real-time Health Level 7 (HL7) Web service from electronic health records (EHRs), with data submitted through other methods.

Methods: We stratified immunizations administered and reported to the CIR in 2014 for patients aged 0-18 years by reporting method: (1) sending HL7 messages from EHRs through the Web service, (2) manual data entry, and (3) upload of a non-standard flat file from EHRs. We assessed completeness of reporting by measuring the percentage of immunizations reported with lot number, manufacturer, and Vaccines for Children (VFC) program eligibility.

Influence of Gender and Gender-Specific Recommendations on Adolescent Human Papillomavirus Vaccination.

Introduction: The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was introduced for female adolescents prior to male adolescents. Understanding coverage patterns related to gender-specific recommendations and factors associated with early adoption and timely completion may be important for future vaccines.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of HPV vaccine initiation (one or more dose) and completion (three or more doses) patterns in adolescents aged 11-18 years using 2009-2013 New York Citywide Immunization Registry data.

Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Following the Introduction of 13-Valent Conjugate Vaccine in Children in New York City From 2007 to 2012.

Importance: Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is a leading cause of pneumonia, meningitis, and bacteremia in children. In March 2010, a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was introduced to the routine childhood immunization schedule. The PCV13 contains 6 serotypes not included in the previously recommended 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, including serotype 19A, the predominant cause of IPD prior to the introduction of PCV13.

Adolescent vaccine co-administration and coverage in New York City: 2007-2013.

Objectives: To investigate adolescent vaccination in New York City, we assessed tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap), meningococcal conjugate (MCV4), and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake, vaccine co-administration, and catch-up coverage over time.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Citywide Immunization Registry, a population-based immunization information system, to measure vaccine uptake and co-administration, defined as a Tdap vaccination visit where MCV4 or HPV vaccine was co-administered, among 11-year-olds. Catch-up vaccinations were evaluated through 2013 for adolescents born 1996 to 2000, by birth cohort.

Distribution of pandemic influenza vaccine and reporting of doses administered, New York, New York, USA.

In 2009, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene delivered influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (pH1N1) vaccine to health care providers, who were required to report all administered doses to the Citywide Immunization Registry. Using data from this registry and a provider survey, we estimated the number of all pH1N1 vaccine doses administered. Of 2.

Reaching children never previously vaccinated for influenza through a school-located vaccination program.

Objectives: We determined the success of the school-located vaccination (SLV) program, implemented in 2009 in New York City to deliver pandemic influenza A (H1N1) monovalent vaccine (pH1N1), versus provider offices in reaching children who had never previously received influenza vaccine.

Methods: We compared the immunization history of children vaccinated in school versus provider offices. We included records in the Citywide Immunization Registry with pH1N1 administered between October 2009 and March 2010 to elementary school-aged children.

Effectiveness of 1 dose of 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccine at preventing hospitalization with pandemic H1N1 influenza in children aged 7 months-9 years.

The availability of a well-established immunization registry to provide vaccination information, a school-located vaccination campaign followed by continued 2009 influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) activity, and a requirement to report hospitalized influenza cases provided an opportunity to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE) of an initial dose of pH1N1 monovalent vaccine in children aged 7 months-9 years. Seventy-eight case children and 729 date-of-birth- and zipcode-matched controls were studied. The VE of a single vaccine dose in preventing pH1N1 hospitalization ≥ 14 days after vaccination was 82% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0%-100%; P = .

Using an immunization information system to facilitate a vaccine recall in New York City, 2007.

Background: In December 2007, Merck & Co, Inc, initiated a voluntary recall of 10 lots of PedvaxHIB, and 2 lots of COMVAX when the potential of contamination was identified during routine testing of the manufacturing equipment. Merck recommended that providers stop vaccinating children using these vaccine lots.

Objective: To describe how the New York City (NYC) Immunization Information System was used in the effort to recall vaccines.

Development and utilization of best practice operational guidelines for immunization information systems.

Objective: To describe collaborative efforts to develop best practice operational guidelines for immunization information systems (IIS) and discuss awareness, acceptance, and utilization of the guidelines by the IIS community.

Design: Business analysis and facilitation techniques were used to support collaboration among IIS stakeholders who analyzed existing practices, brainstormed new approaches, and developed consensus-based recommendations. The guideline development process and its impact on IIS were evaluated using a postworkshop questionnaire, the IIS Annual Report, and an online survey for one of the guidelines.

Using an immunization information system to improve accountability for vaccines distributed through the Vaccines for Children program in New York City, 2005-2008.

Background: As new, higher-priced vaccines are added to the immunization schedule, Vaccines for Children (VFC) program costs are increasing and attention has been focused on strengthening accountability. In New York City, the VFC program distributes publicly purchased vaccines, worth nearly $117 million annually, to more than 1,500 enrolled facilities to immunize eligible children. In 2006, we changed our policy of requiring facilities to account for administration of VFC vaccines by submitting self-reported, aggregate doses administered reports (DARs) when ordering VFC vaccines to using DARs generated from our immunization information system (IIS), the Citywide Immunization Registry (CIR).

Integrating the New York citywide immunization registry and the childhood blood lead registry.

In February of 2004, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene completed the integration of its childhood immunization and blood lead test registry databases, each containing over 2 million children. A modular approach was used to build a separate integrated system, called Master Child Index, to include all children in both the immunization and lead test registries. The principal challenge of this integration was to properly align records so that a child represented in one database is matched with the same child in the other database.