Concentric macular rings sign in patients with foveal hypoplasia.

Importance: We describe a sign that can be used as a rapid and noninvasive adjunct to aid in the diagnosis of foveal hypoplasia.

Objective: To describe a concentric macular rings sign found on infrared reflectance (IRR) images in patients with foveal hypoplasia.

Design, Setting, And Patients: We studied 13 patients with foveal hypoplasia (7 with ocular albinism [OA], 5 with oculocutaneous albinism [OCA], and 1 with aniridia) at a tertiary ophthalmology center with access to electrodiagnostic services from February 18, 2009, through April 9, 2013.

A longitudinal study of Stargardt disease: quantitative assessment of fundus autofluorescence, progression, and genotype correlations.

Purpose: We characterized subtypes of fundus autofluorescence (AF) and the progression of retinal atrophy, and correlated these findings with genotype in Stargardt disease.

Methods: Full clinical examination and AF imaging was undertaken in 68 patients with Stargardt disease. The baseline data were compared to those at follow-up.

Progression of retinal pigment epithelial atrophy in stargardt disease.

Purpose: To evaluate retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) atrophy in patients with Stargardt disease using autofluorescence imaging (AF).

Design: Retrospective observational case series.

Methods: Demographics, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), AF images, and electrophysiology responses (group 1, macular dysfunction; group 2, macula + cone dysfunction; group 3, macula + cone-rod dysfunction) were evaluated at presentation and follow-up in a group of 12 patients (24 eyes) with Stargardt disease.

Phenotypic variability in RDH5 retinopathy (Fundus Albipunctatus).

Purpose: To describe phenotypic variability and report novel mutational data in patients with mutation in RDH5 (fundus albipunctatus).

Design: Retrospective case series.

Participants: Nine patients from 8 families (aged 7-55 years) with night blindness and electrophysiologic or fundoscopic findings in keeping with RDH5 mutation were ascertained.

Geographic atrophy in retinal angiomatous proliferation.

Purpose: To describe the occurrence of geographic atrophy in patients with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP).

Methods: Demographics, visual acuity, color fundus photographs, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiograms, and fundus autofluorescence and near-infrared autofluorescence images were reviewed in 53 patients (66 eyes) with RAP.

Results: Of 53 treatment-naive eyes, 19 (36%) had atrophy at baseline.

Autofluorescence imaging - a useful adjunct in imaging macular trauma.

Autofluorescence imaging is a rapid, noninvasive technique, with several applications becoming slowly integrated into ophthalmic clinical practice. We describe its use as a valuable tool for predicting the function of the retinal pigment epithelium following damage from blunt ocular trauma.

In vivo safety of trypan blue use in vitreoretinal surgery.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate "in vivo" safety of trypan blue (TB) in patients undergoing TB-assisted internal limiting membrane or epiretinal membrane peeling.

Methods: Prospective study including 21 patients (21 eyes) with full-thickness macular hole and/or epiretinal membrane undergoing TB-assisted internal limiting membrane/epiretinal membrane peeling. Main outcome measures included distance visual acuity, near visual acuity, amplitude of P50 and N95 of the pattern electroretinogram, and fundus autofluorescence; these were assessed preoperatively, at 6 months (n = 21) and 12 months (n = 10) postoperatively.

Assessment of patients with suspected non-organic visual loss using pattern appearance visual evoked potentials.

Background: The aim of the study was to validate the use of the short duration pattern onset visual evoked potential (PappVEP) in the objective assessment of visual acuity (VA) in patients referred with presumed non-organic visual loss.

Methods: The combination of minimum check size and minimum contrast required to elicit a consistently discernible PappVEP (amplitude >or=5 microV) were measured in ten normal subjects under conditions of induced optical blur (0 to +3 dioptres) and the relationship to Snellen VA established. The data from 100 consecutive patients (167 eyes) referred for possible non-organic visual loss (NOVL) and 20 patients with confirmed visual pathway dysfunction were reviewed in relation to the results in normal subjects.

Fundus autofluorescence in exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Aim: To evaluate the distribution of fundus autofluorescence in patients with age-related macular degeneration and choroidal neovascularisation (CNV).

Methods: Colour fundus photographs, fundus fluorescein angiograms (FFA) and fundus autofluorescence images were obtained from a group of 40 patients (43 eyes) with age-related macular degeneration and purely classic or occult CNV. Only patients with newly diagnosed CNV and in whom autofluorescence images were obtained within 2 weeks from FFA were included.

HGF, MAPK, and a small physiological electric field interact during corneal epithelial cell migration.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and a small applied electric field (EF) on corneal epithelial cell (CEC) migration.

Methods: Primary cultures of bovine CECs were exposed to an EF (25-250 mV/mm) in the presence or absence of HGF (100 ng/mL). The rate and directionality of CEC migration were quantified.