Effect of Surface Chemistry on Hemolysis, Thrombogenicity, and Toxicity of Carbon Nanotube Doped Thermally Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Implants.

Assessing blood compatibility is crucial before in vivo procedures and is considered more reliable than many in vitro tests. This study examines the physiochemical properties and blood compatibility of bioactive powders ((0.5-2 wt % carbon nanotube (CNT)/alumina)-20 wt %)) produced through a heterocoagulation colloidal technique followed by ball milling with hydroxyapatite (HAp).