Publications by authors named "Viji P Chandran"
Objective: There is a lack of evidence on the effectiveness of antidotes in the management of organophosphate and carbamate (OPC) poisoning. We aimed to review the efficacy and safety of glycopyrrolate in the management of OPC poisoning.
Methodology: Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library were extensively searched from inception to November 2022 and updated till October 2023.
Article Synopsis
- * A scoping review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines, assessing studies from various medical databases to identify risk factors for ADRs associated with DPP-4 inhibitors, resulting in the inclusion of 11 relevant studies.
- * Key risk factors identified include being over 65, female, having severe renal impairment, taking other medications, and having specific health conditions, with a recommendation for further research to optimize DPP-4 inhibitor use in diabetic patients.
The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scoring system is utilised as a prognostic method in paraquat poisoning; however, current evidence shows ambiguity. Although some studies have shown APACHE II to be a superior tool, others have reported it inferior to other prognostic markers, such as lactate, severity index of paraquat poisoning and urine paraquat concentration. Hence, to address this ambiguity, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyse prognostic accuracy of APACHE II score in predicting mortality in paraquat poisoning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The World Health Organization estimates that there are approximately 5.4 million snakebites and 1.8-2.
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- Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) have been linked to an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), although this association has not been clearly established in prior research.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis that included eight studies found a significantly higher risk of IBD in patients using PPIs, especially among Europeans, with varying odds ratios for different IBD types.
- The findings suggest a noteworthy association between PPI usage and IBD risk, emphasizing the need for further research to confirm these links across different populations.
Purpose: Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are extensively used to manage epilepsy and other comorbidities associated with seizures. Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) has a strong association with AED-induced severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions.
Objective: We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify, critically evaluate, and synthesize the best possible evidence on HLA-associated AED-induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS/TEN).
Background And Objective: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening pulmonary disease with a high clinical and cost burden across the globe. Artificial intelligence (AI), an emerging area, has been used for various purposes in ARDS. We aim to summarize the currently available literature on various applications of AI in ARDS through a systematic review.
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- The study aims to create a clinician-assisted decision-making tool to differentiate between common tropical infections, like dengue and malaria, which share similar clinical symptoms.
- A self-administered questionnaire and retrospective analysis helped identify the most significant parameters for differentiating these infections, such as specific laboratory values and clinical presentations.
- The results showed that while some machine learning models achieved around 55-60% predictability for identifying infections, binary classification methods performed better, reaching 69-88% accuracy, showcasing the potential effectiveness of these advanced analysis techniques.
Use of histamine-2 receptor antagonists and risk of inflammatory bowel diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
J Clin Pharm Ther
August 2022
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in users of histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs).
- Four observational studies were included in a meta-analysis, analyzing data from nearly 9,000 participants, revealing a significantly increased risk of IBD in H2RA users compared to non-users.
- The findings suggest that both adults and children using H2RAs have a higher risk of developing IBD, highlighting the need for further large-scale observational studies to confirm these results.
Article Synopsis
- This review examines how effective smartphone apps are in boosting academic performance and clinical skills among healthcare professionals and students.
- Analysis included 52 studies with over 4,000 participants, showing that mobile apps significantly improved knowledge scores compared to those who didn't use them, with a noticeable effect size (SMD = 0.94).
- Overall, the findings suggest that mobile applications are a cost-effective and versatile resource for enhancing learning and practical skills in medical education.
Background And Aim: The importance of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists is increasing because of its blood sugar controlling and weight loss properties. The data regarding safety of GLP-1 agonists are limited. This study aims to review case reports and case series on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of GLP-1 agonist.
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- The study focused on analyzing the clinical profiles and outcomes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients in South India, identifying key factors influencing recovery rates.
- A total of 857 ARDS patients (mostly male, average age 46.86) were analyzed over five years, revealing common symptoms like fever and breathlessness, with sepsis and pneumonia being major causes.
- The research found a recovery rate of 47.49%, and identified advanced age, sepsis, septic shock, liver disease, and ventilation needs as significant predictors of non-recovery among patients.
Aims: The aim was to perform an umbrella review to summarise the existing evidence on proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) use and adverse outcomes and to grade the certainty of evidence.
Methods: Electronic databases were searched up to July 2021 for meta-analyses of cohort studies and/or randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Summary effect sizes from a random-effects model, between-study heterogeneity, 95% prediction interval, small-study effect, excess significance and credibility ceilings were devised to classify the credibility of evidence from meta-analyses of cohort studies, whereas the GRADE approach was used for meta-analyses of RCTs.
Background &objectives: Though there are studies to evaluate the effectiveness of blended learning in pharmacy education, most of them originate from USA and have used previous year students' scores as control. Also there is less research in comparing use of self -regulated learning strategies between blended and other learning strategies. Primary aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of blended learning on knowledge score using clinical research modules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFN-Acetyl Cysteine in Rodenticide Poisoning: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol
April 2022
Background: Treatment with N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) in rodenticide poisoning has not been well established due to mixed study results and insufficient evidence. This review aimed to summarize the clinical benefits of NAC in the management of rodenticide poisoning.
Methods: This review follows the PICOS framework and the PRISMA guidelines.
Background: Evidence-based recommendations on the efficacy and safety of corticosteroids in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain a therapeutic challenge. Findings from several systematic reviews and meta-analyses are inconsistent. We aimed to assess the published meta-analyses through a systematic review approach and provide further insight into the current uncertainty and also to perform an updated meta-analysis from all the available primary studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRationale & Objective: Rodenticide poisoning, either accidental or intentional, is very common in rural India. The absence of a definite antidote made it a major concern with a high mortality rate. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) in rodenticide poisoning as there are recent positive shreds of evidence on it.
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