Clinical laboratory shadowing- an elective program in undergraduate health professions training: perception, strengths and challenges.

Background: The authors aim to evaluate the perception, strengths, and challenges in the implementation of "Clinical Laboratory Shadowing" as an elective module for third-year professional medical students.

Methods: Clinical Laboratory shadowing is an elective module designed by the faculty of Biochemistry for Phase III part-2 medical students. The elective comprises modules explaining the functioning of the Biochemistry Laboratory in a hospital.

Expression of PTGS2 along with genes regulating VEGF signalling pathway and association with high-risk factors in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: PTGS2 encodes cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which catalyses the committed step in prostaglandin synthesis. Various in vivo and in vitro data suggest that COX-2 mediates the VEGF signalling pathway. In silico analysis performed in TCGA, PanCancer Atlas for head and neck cancers, demonstrated significant expression and co-expression of PTGS2 and genes that regulate VEGF signalling.

4-Year Pulp Survival in a Randomized Trial on Direct Pulp Capping.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess pulp survival in a randomized trial on pulp lavage in adult nonpainful posterior teeth with carious pulp exposure. The treatment included complete caries excavation, direct pulp capping with mineral trioxide aggregate, and immediate restoration with composite resin.

Methods: Fluid was collected from the pulp wound to assess matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and total protein values.

Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency quantitative test in dried blood spot- a potential marker for adult unknown G6PD deficiency.

Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme activity estimation in a freshly collected blood sample is the most widely used diagnostic method for the diagnosis of G6PD deficiency. The objective is to evaluate the need for newborn screening for G6PD deficiency over post-malarial diagnosis and the feasibility and reliability of using dried blood spots (DBS) as samples for screening. A total of 562 samples were analyzed for G6PD and parallel measurement of G6PD activity by the colorimetric method in whole blood and DBS was carried out in the neonatal subset.

The mechanistic role of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio perturbations in the leading non communicable lifestyle diseases.

Inflammation plays a critical role in the development and progression of chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Inflammatory responses are indispensable for pathogen control and tissue repair, but they also cause collateral damage. A chronically activated immune system and the resultant immune dysregulation mediated inflammatory surge may cause multiple negative effects, requiring tight regulation and dampening of the immune response to minimize host injury.

VARK preference and perception of online versus offline professional development training of medical laboratory technologists.

Objective: This study aims to understand the learning preferences and perception of medical laboratory technologists on sudden shift from offline to online training sessions during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Microsoft form containing twenty-four questions was circulated to the twenty-five laboratory technologists after 1 year of online continuous professional development training. VARK questionnaire was circulated to understand the learning style.

Effect of Maleic Acid Root Conditioning on Release of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 from Infected Root Canal Dentin.

Introduction: Chemically released growth factors play a vital role in regenerative endodontics. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) is 1 of the most extensively studied bioactive molecules that promotes cell proliferation, differentiation, and chemotaxis. The goal of the current research was to analyze the effect of 7% maleic acid (MA) root conditioning of an infected root canal on the release of TGF-β1.

Unveiling antioxidant and anti-cancer potentials of characterized Annona reticulata leaf extract in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colorectal cancer in Wistar rats.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CC) is the third most common cancer in the world. Annona reticulata (AR) also known as bullock's heart, is a traditional herb. AR leaf extract was initially investigated for its anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial, anti-helminthic, anti-stress, and wound healing properties.

Amino Acid Profile and Lactate Pyruvate Ratio: Potential Adjunct Markers for Differentiating Inborn Errors of Metabolism.

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) lead to the physical and mental disability and death of infants, which can be prevented if treated early. Hence it is imperative in diagnosing these disorders at the earliest. The study is planned to differentiate suspected IEM by quantifying the lactate-pyruvate ratio (L/P ratio), Amino acid profiling by HPLC in addition to blood ammonia using the basic methodology in comparison to globally accepted mass spectroscopy technique and specific enzyme activity assays.

Correlation of Red Blood Cell Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme Activity with Various RBC Indices.

Cholinesterases belongs to class hydrolases. There are two types acetylcholinesterase and butyryl cholinesterase. Acetylcholinesterase present in nerve endings and also in the RBC membrane.

Correlation of Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein A and Zinc with Calculated Risk Ratio of Dual Test.

Introduction: First trimester screening by dual test is the most preferred method of antenatal screening. The detection rate of foetal aneuploidy using dual test is 95%. This test uses maternal serum free β human Chorionic Gonadotropin (free β hCG) and Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A) along with maternal demographic and foetal sonographic indices to calculate risk for foetal aneuploidy.