Estimation of Plasma Concentration of L-Carnosine and its Correlation with Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder Children: A Pilot Clinical Trial.

Background: Literature indicates that L-carnosine may be deficient in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children. The aim of the present study was to estimate the level of L-carnosine in plasma and correlate it with the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale 2nd Edition, Standard Version (CARS2-ST) scores. To measure L-carnosine level, a bio-analytical method was developed using reverse phase high- liquid chromatography and validated as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines.

Effect of L-Carnosine in Patients with Age-Related Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: L-carnosine has been found to have multimodal activity.

Aim: The aim of this review was to find out the efficacy of L-carnosine in patients with age-related diseases.

Methods: Clinical studies evaluated the effect of L-carnosine on cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders were searched in electronic bibliographic databases.

Level of adherence to anti-tubercular treatment among drug-sensitive tuberculosis patients on a newly introduced daily dose regimen in South India: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) patients on the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) treatment protocol receive daily doses without health professional-supervised drug intake as during the previous directly observed treatment short-course (DOTS) regimen. We aimed to measure the level of adherence to anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) and the reasons for non-adherence among drug-sensitive TB patients on a daily-dose regimen in South India.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among TB patients who received ATT as part of the standard treatment protocol in NTEP.

Functional and Structural Impact of Deleterious Missense Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the NR3C1, CYP3A5, and TNF-α Genes: An In Silico Analysis.

Human diseases are generally influenced by SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms). The mutations in amino acid residues generated by deleterious SNPs contribute to the structural and functional diversity of the encoded protein. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1), and Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) play a key role in glucocorticoid resistance susceptibility in humans.

Phenytoin induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome-toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Overlap Exacerbated by Cephalexin in a 65-Year-old Neurosurgical Patient: A Rare Case Report.

Objective: To report a rare case of drug induced overlap of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrosis Syndrome exacerbated by cephalexin.

Case Presentation: In this case report, we present a 65-year-old female who had come to the hospital with complaints of Sloughing of the skin and redness all over the body with raised body temperature. She was on therapeutic Phenytoin to prevent the post-surgical complications of Communicating Hydrocephalus.

Lipid Based Aqueous Core Nanocapsules (ACNs) for Encapsulating Hydrophillic Vinorelbine Bitartrate: Preparation, Optimization, Characterization and In vitro Safety Assessment for Intravenous Administration.

Background: Vinorelbine bitartrate (VRL) is an antimitotic agent approved by FDA for breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in many countries. However, high aqueous solubility and thermo degradable nature of VRL limited the availability of marketed dosage forms.

Objectives: The current work is focused on the development of lipid based aqueous core nanocapsules which can encapsulate the hydrophilic VRL in the aqueous core of nanocapsules protected with a lipidic shell which will further provide a sustained release.

Cell proliferation influenced by matrix compliance of gelatin grafted poly(d,l-Lactide) three dimensional scaffolds.

Surface and mechanical properties of the biomaterials are determinants of cellular responses. In our previous study, star-shaped poly(d,l-Lactide)-b-gelatin (ss-pLG) was reported for possessing improved cellular adhesion and proliferation. Here, we extended our investigation to establish the cellular compatibility of gelatin-grafted PDLLA with respect to mechanical properties of biological tissues.

Catechin-loaded Eudragit microparticles for the management of diabetes: formulation, characterization and in vivo evaluation of antidiabetic efficacy.

Catechin (CT) is natural molecule proved for antidiabetic activity. Clinical application of CT is highly restricted because of its low bioavailability and ineffectiveness in in vivo conditions. Therefore, the main objective of the present investigation was to formulate CT-loaded Eudragit RS 100 microparticles and evaluated for its potential against diabetes.

Pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, in vitro cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of Vitamin E TPGS coated trans resveratrol liposomes.

The clinical application of trans resveratrol (RSV) in glioma treatment is largely limited because of its rapid metabolism, fast elimination from systemic circulation and low biological half life. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to enhance the circulation time, biological half life and passive brain targeting of RSV using d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) coated liposomes (RSV-TPGS-Lipo). In addition to basic liposomal characterizations, in vitro anticancer potential against C6 glioma cell lines and cellular internalization of liposomes were carried out by MTT assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), respectively.

Transferrin liposomes of docetaxel for brain-targeted cancer applications: formulation and brain theranostics.

Diagnosis and therapy of brain cancer was often limited due to low permeability of delivery materials across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and their poor penetration into the brain tissue. This study explored the possibility of utilizing theranostic d-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate mono-ester (TPGS) liposomes as nanocarriers for minimally invasive brain-targeted imaging and therapy (brain theranostics). The aim of this work was to formulate transferrin conjugated TPGS coated theranostic liposomes, which contain both docetaxel and quantum dots (QDs) for imaging and therapy of brain cancer.

Transferrin receptor-targeted vitamin E TPGS micelles for brain cancer therapy: preparation, characterization and brain distribution in rats.

The effective treatment of brain cancer is hindered by the poor transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the low penetration across the blood-tumor barrier (BTB). The objective of this work was to formulate transferrin-conjugated docetaxel (DTX)-loaded d-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (vitamin E TPGS or TPGS) micelles for targeted brain cancer therapy. The micelles with and without transferrin conjugation were prepared by the solvent casting method and characterized for their particle size, polydispersity, drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, in vitro release study and brain distribution study.

Multicystic dysplastic kidney: a retrospective study.

Objective: To report the renal structural and functional anomalies in children with multicystic dysplastic kidneys.

Methods: Retrospective descriptive analysis of 47 children with multicystic dysplastic kidney seen in a pediatric nephrology unit over a period of 6 years.

Results: Antenatal diagnosis of multicystic dysplastic kidney was made in 34 (72.

Efficacy of levamisole in children with frequently relapsing and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of levamisole in frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of hospital case records.

Setting: Pediatric nephrology department of a tertiary referral pediatric hospital.

Descriptive study of clinical profile and benefit of therapy in childhood hypercalciuria.

Clinical, biochemical, and ultrasonographic findings in 91 consecutive children presenting with hypercalciuria were analyzed along with the results of treatment to determine the clinical profile of hypercalciuria and its outcome. Hypercalciuria was common in children aged 1-5 years (39.6%), and hematuria was the most frequent symptom.

Copolymers of poly(lactic acid) and D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate-based nanomedicines: versatile multifunctional platforms for cancer diagnosis and therapy.

Introduction: The major drawbacks associated with most of the anti-cancer drugs are their potential adverse effects. Distribution of these drugs throughout the body causes untoward adverse effects and less accumulation of drug at the site of tumors also causes decrease in therapeutic efficacy. Targeted nanomedicines are the emerging systems to improve the targetability of drug to the tumor site and to reduce the toxicity with maximum efficacy.

Chronic myeloid leukemia in a child with IgA nephropathy.

We report an 11 year old boy with IgA nephropathy developing chronic myeloid leukemia on follow-up. This association suggests that a B cell defect might be involved in the pathogenesis of these two conditions.

Experience of renal biopsy in children with nephrotic syndrome.

Percutaneous renal biopsy (PRB) is useful in childhood renal diseases. This study was done to determine the indications for renal biopsy in nephrotic children, to correlate the indications with histology and to document the complications of PRB. This study included 250 nephrotic children younger than 18 years old who had renal biopsy from January 1988 to December 2002.