Publications by authors named "Vijaya Sarathi"
Introduction: Differentiating pheochromocytomas from other adrenal masses based on computed tomography (CT) characteristics remains challenging, particularly in lipid-poor lesions with variable washout patterns. This study evaluated CT features for distinguishing pheochromocytomas in good and poor washout subcohorts.
Methods: We prospectively analyzed 72 patients with unilateral lipid-poor adrenal masses.
Co-crystallization of a therapeutic ingredient with an appropriate co-former is a powerful technique to augment the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties and the effectiveness of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs). Biochanin A (BCA), a flavonoid with medicinal potential, is limited by poor solubility and low oral bioavailability. This study aimed to design and develop a novel BCA-nicotinamide cocrystal as BCC to enhance BCA's oral bioavailability and explore its therapeutic potential for ameliorating cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (CIAP) by elucidating the target identification utilizing tissue/serum metabolite profiles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Data on the polar vessel sign (enlarged feeding vessel terminating in parathyroid lesions) on four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) is limited. We performed a retrospective analysis to determine the prevalence, predictors, and adjunctive utility of polar vessel sign in pre-operative 4D-CT of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).
Methods: One radiologist blinded to the patients' details reported the 4D-CT of eighty-four operated patients with histopathology-proven single-gland PHPT.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the prevalence of hirsutism among South-Indian women and establishes modified cut-offs for the modified Ferriman-Gallwey score (mFGS), recognizing the lack of population-specific data for Indian women.
- Conducted with 453 women aged 18-40, the research showed a low prevalence of hirsutism at 1.8% using an mFGS of ≥8, and 9.9% using a cut-off of ≥5.
- The findings suggest a new mFGS cut-off of 5 for South-Indian women to better assess hirsutism prevalence in this population.
Introduction: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare clinical syndrome due to acute/subacute pituitary hemorrhage and/or infarction; data on PA in functioning pituitary adenoma (FPA) is scarce.
Methods: A retrospective record-review of details of PA in non-functioning (NFPA) and FPA managed at tertiary endocrine center.
Results: 93 patients [56 males; 33.
Background: The data on Leydig cell hypoplasia (LCH) resulting from biallelic Luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) inactivating variants is limited to case series.
Methods: We aim to describe our patients and perform systematic review of the patients with LHCGR inactivating variants in the literature. Detailed phenotype and genotype data of three patients from our centre and 85 (46,XY: 67; 46,XX: 18) patients from 59 families with LHCGR-inactivating variants from literature were described.
Article Synopsis
- The study aims to distinguish between isolated pituitary hyperplasia (IPH) and primary hypothyroidism with a nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (PHCNFPA) in patients with high thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and sellar masses to prevent unnecessary surgeries.
- Using a retrospective analysis of patients with TSH >50 µIU/ml from 2020-2022, researchers examined MRI results, symptoms, and other clinical data to categorize patients into IPH or PHCNFPA.
- Results indicated a significant age difference between the two groups, with IPH patients presenting at a younger age, while PHCNFPA patients showed more severe symptoms and larger pituitary lesions; unique imaging features helped in differentiating
Objective: To describe the genotype-phenotype characteristics of patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency from western India and ascertain the prevalence of various phenotypes of 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
Methods: Patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency, diagnosed clinically and biochemically, were prospectively enrolled and classified into salt wasting (SW), simple virilizing (SV), and non-classic (NC) phenotypes and were subjected to genetic testing of CYP21A2 by targeted sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA).
Results: Eighty (64; 46, XX) probands with 21-hydroxylase deficiency were analyzed.
Article Synopsis
- * Sensitivity for tumor identification was similar across contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) and two types of PET scans (SSTR and FDG), but notably low for DOPA-PET, while CECT showed better results for specific tumors like Thymic NET.
- * SSTR-PET/CT is recommended as the preferred imaging method due to its lower false positive rate, although a significant number of tumors (about 25%) in patients remain undetected with current methods, indicating a need for further research.
Article Synopsis
- Data on radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is limited, mostly based on case reports, and this study reflects the experience from a tertiary care center in India with 33 patients monitored over several years.
- In the study, 24 patients initially underwent surgery with varying outcomes: 12 achieved early remission, 3 delayed remission, and 9 exhibited persistent disease over an average follow-up of 5 years.
- RFA was used as a treatment for 10 patients, primarily as a first-line option, with 7 achieving remission at the last follow-up; complications were minimal, suggesting RFA can be as effective as surgery for managing TIO but may require additional treatment
Introduction: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) in Cushing's disease (CD) is rare with data limited to case reports/series.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed case records of PA in CD managed at our center from 1987 to 2023 and performed a systematic literature review.
Results: We identified 58 patients (44 females), including twelve from our center (12/315 CD, yielding a PA prevalence in CD of 3.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the prevalence of malignancy in Bethesda II thyroid nodules in South India, revealing an 8.5% malignancy rate among the 563 patients studied.
- Key predictors of malignancy include multi-nodularity, thyroid calcification, the presence of suspicious cervical lymph nodes on ultrasound, and a history of thyrotoxicosis, although age, gender, and maximum nodule size were not linked to malignancy.
- The findings suggest a need for more thorough assessments of thyroid nodules, especially those classified as Bethesda II, to better understand the associated malignancy risks.
Prevalence of Congenital Hypothyroidism in India: Mapping and Critical Appraisal.
Indian J Endocrinol Metab
February 2024
Article Synopsis
- Thyrotoxicosis is a common condition in endocrine practice, primarily caused by Graves' disease and subacute thyroiditis; differentiating between the two is crucial for proper treatment.
- The study evaluates TSH receptor antibodies (TSHrAb) as a diagnostic tool for distinguishing these conditions in the Indian population, especially since conventional tests like 99mTc thyroid scintigraphy are often unavailable in smaller cities.
- Results show that TSHrAb has a high diagnostic accuracy (AUC: 0.9) compared to other methods, making it a reliable option for distinguishing Graves' disease from subacute thyroiditis.
Prevalence of Adrenal Incidentalomas in South-Indian Population.
Indian J Endocrinol Metab
January 2024
Objective: Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia (LCAH) is caused by mutations in STAR. A systematic review of phenotype-genotype correlation and data on testicular histology in LCAH patients is unavailable. We aim to describe our experience and provide phenotype-genotype correlation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVitamin D deficiency or resistance and hypophosphatemia.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab
March 2024
Article Synopsis
- Vitamin D is mostly produced in the skin from sun exposure and is also obtained from food; it's converted into active forms in the liver and kidneys, which are essential for bone health.
- A deficiency in vitamin D, often caused by dietary lack, leads to rickets and osteomalacia, but these conditions can usually be treated with vitamin D supplements.
- Inherited disorders affecting vitamin D metabolism can lead to different types of resistant rickets, characterized by issues like hypophosphatemia, which impairs bone mineralization and can show varying responses to vitamin D supplementation.
Introduction: Fanconi renotubular syndromes (FRTS) are a rare group of inherited phosphaturic disorders with limited Indian as well as global data on this condition. Here, we describe the experience of a single Endocrinology center from Western India on FRTS.
Materials And Methods: Comprehensive clinical, biochemical, radiological, management, and genetic details of FRTS patients managed between 2010 and 2023 were collected and analyzed.
Context: Data on the overnight 1 mg-dexamethasone suppression test (ONDST) in renal dysfunction are limited.
Objective: We aim to determine the normative range of ONDST cortisol across chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages and reasons for its alteration.
Methods: Prospectively, 180 CKD (30 each in G2-G5/5D) patients and 30 healthy controls underwent ONDST 8 Am serum cortisol (chemiluminescent immunoassay [CLIA]).
Objective Height velocity is a crucial anthropometric parameter for the evaluation of mild- or recent-onset short stature; however, there is no data on height velocity in South Indian children. We undertook this study to establish the normative data. Methods This prospective longitudinal study included 3327 apparently healthy children aged three to 18 years from government and private schools of Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNintedanib (NIN) and pirfenidone are the only approved drugs for the treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). However, NIN and pirfenidone have low oral bioavailability and limited therapeutic potential, requiring higher dosages to increase their efficacy, which causes significant liver and gastrointestinal toxicities. In this study, we aimed to develop nintedanib-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (NIN-SLN) to improve the oral bioavailability and therapeutic potential against TGF-β-induced differentiation in IPF fibroblasts and bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis in rat models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Data regarding rare FPAs from India, a resource limited setting, are limited. We describe a case series of rare FPAs from a single center in western India.
Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective case record review of patients diagnosed between January 2010 and July 2022.