Paederia Foetida Linn (Rubiaceae): Chemical Diversity, Phytopharmacological Potential, Quantitative Analysis and Clinical Approaches.

The discovery of novel counteractive pharmaceuticals, which have recently generated much interest, has played a significant role in the development of drugs derived from herbal medicines or botanical sources. Paederia foetida (P. foetida) is one such example of a role in both traditional and traditional medicine.

Herbal Interactions with Cardiac Medications: A Comprehensive Review of Potential Interactions between Herbal Drugs and Commonly Prescribed Cardiac Medications.

The concomitant use of herbal remedies in conjunction with conventional cardiac medications has increased significantly in recent years, primarily due to improvements in the quality standards of herbal medicines and the pervasive belief that natural products pose no harm to the human body. Contrary to this belief, multiple phytoconstituents found in herbal products have the potential to interact with conventional cardiac drugs, potentially resulting in severe adverse effects.

Corneal astigmatic outcomes after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with surface penetrating arcuate keratotomies.

Aim: To evaluate corneal astigmatic outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate keratotomies (FAKs) combined with femtosecond-laser assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) over 12mo follow-up.

Methods: Totally 145 patients with bilateral cataracts and no ocular co-morbidities were recruited to a single-centre, single-masked, prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing two monofocal hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses. Eyes with corneal astigmatism (CA) of >0.

Ocular trauma or Oedipism: completing the evisceration.

Self-enucleation, also known as Oedipism, is a rare form of ocular trauma. The objective of this clinical case report is to highlight the importance of diagnosing this unusual injury and thus ensuring its appropriate management. We herein describe a case of a 58-year-old man who presented to hospital with a bleeding left eye.

A randomised, prospective study of 'off-the-shelf' use of toric intraocular lenses for cataract patients with pre-existing corneal astigmatism in the NHS.

Background/objectives: To compare visual and refractive outcomes of monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) with limbal relaxing incisions (LRI) with 'off-the-shelf' use of toric IOLs (TIOLs), with a fixed 2-dioptre cylinder (DC) correction, for cataract patients with pre-existing corneal astigmatism in a public-sector setting.

Subjects/methods: Seventy-seven patients (77 eyes, first treated eye) with visually significant cataract and pre-operative corneal astigmatism ≥2.00 DC were randomised to receive either 'off-the-shelf' TIOLs, with a fixed 2.

A randomised controlled trial comparing femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification surgery: 12-month results.

Aims: To report 12-month outcomes of randomised controlled trial comparing conventional phacoemulsification surgery (CPS) with femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS).

Methods: This was a single-centre, prospective single-masked randomised case-controlled trial. Four hundred patients were randomised to CPS or FLACS with the LenSx platform (Alcon Laboratories Inc.

Visual and refractive outcomes and glistenings occurrence after implantation of 2 hydrophobic acrylic aspheric monofocal IOLs.

Purpose: To compare the Clareon IOL with the Tecnis PCB00 IOL in terms of visual performance, refractive outcomes, glistenings occurrence, and quality-of-life outcomes.

Setting: Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Design: Single-center, single-masked, prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Risk-Adjusted CUSUM Analysis of the Learning Curve of Femtosecond Laser Assisted Cataract Surgery.

To determine the length of the learning curve of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) by a risk-adjusted cumulative sum method. This was a retrospective review of the first 288 FLACS performed by three surgeons over a 12-month period. The learning curves were analyzed separately for each surgeon and as pooled data via risk-adjusted cumulative sum methods.

A randomized controlled trial comparing femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification surgery.

Purpose: To compare the clinical results of conventional phacoemulsification surgery (CPS) with femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery.

Setting: Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Design: Single-center prospective randomized interventional case-controlled trial.

Refractive outcomes after limbal relaxing incisions or femtosecond laser arcuate keratotomy to manage corneal astigmatism at the time of cataract surgery.

Purpose: To compare the results of manual limbal relaxing incisions (LRIs) performed during conventional phacoemulsification surgery with those of nonpenetrating femtosecond laser arcuate keratotomies performed during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery to manage corneal astigmatism.

Setting: Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Evaluation of a hub-and-spoke model for the delivery of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery within the context of a large randomised controlled trial.

Aims: To test a hypothesis that cataract operating room (OR) productivity can be improved with a femtosecond laser (FL) using a hub-and-spoke model and whether any increase in productivity can offset additional costs relating to the FL.

Methods: 400 eyes of 400 patients were enrolled in a randomised-controlled trial comparing FL-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) with conventional phacoemulsification surgery (CPS). 299 of 400 operations were performed on designated high-volume theatre lists (FLACS=134, CPS=165), where a hub-and-spoke FLACS model (1×FL, 2×ORs=2:1) was compared with independent CPS theatre lists.

Homonymous Sectoranopia: Asymptomatic Presentation of a Lateral Geniculate Nucleus Lesion.

This is a rare presentation of brain tumour in the region of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) presenting as a homonymous horizontal sectoranopia (HHS). The case highlights that subtle field defects can be asymptomatic and only detected by formal perimetry. Although homonymous sectoranopia is a rare form of visual field defect, it should be recognised as a potential manifestation of potentially significant intracranial pathology.

Post-septal upper eyelid loading for treatment of exposure keratopathy secondary to non-cicatricial lagophthalmos.

Exposure keratopathy may result in ocular surface dryness, pain, corneal ulceration and loss of vision. Upper eyelid loading is an effective surgical treatment for paralytic lagophthalmos but has been criticised for complications of implant exposure and poor cosmesis. We therefore reviewed the safety and efficacy of our technique of upper eyelid post-septal loading for exposure keratopathy in this context.

Sixteen-year follow-up of hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis.

Purpose: To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Eighteen-year follow-up of hyperopic photorefractive keratectomy.

Purpose: To investigate the long-term efficacy of hyperopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

Setting: University Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Design: Prospective case series.

Corneal Cross-linking to Halt the Progression of Keratoconus and Corneal Ectasia: Seven-Year Follow-up.

Purpose: To determine long-term efficacy and safety of riboflavin/ultraviolet A corneal cross-linking (CXL).

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: Thirty-six patients (36 eyes) who underwent epithelium-off CXL at a University Hospital (Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust) 6-8 years previously were examined.

Idiopathic stromal keratitis resembling central toxic keratopathy.

Unlabelled: A 28-year-old previously emmetropic woman presented with a 2-day history of bilateral photophobia and blurred vision. She had no history of corneal surgery or contact lens use. Snellen uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was 6/12 bilaterally.

Propolis: a wonder bees product and its pharmacological potentials.

Propolis is a natural resinous mixture produced by honey bees from substances collected from parts of plants, buds, and exudates. Due to its waxy nature and mechanical properties, bees use propolis in the construction and repair of their hives for sealing openings and cracks and smoothing out the internal walls and as a protective barrier against external invaders like snakes, lizards, and so forth, or against weathering threats like wind and rain. Bees gather propolis from different plants, in the temperate climate zone mainly from poplar.

Itraconazole Niosomes Drug Delivery System and Its Antimycotic Activity against Candida albicans.

Niosomes have potential applications in topical drug delivery system. The objective of the study was to formulate and evaluate the niosome of Itraconazole. Surfactant : cholesterol ratio and quantity of ethanol used were studied by applying factorial design.

Development and evaluation of sustained release tablet of betahistine hydrochloride using ion exchange resin tulsion t344.

An attempt was made to sustain the release of Betahistine hydrochloride by complexation technique using strong cation-exchange resin, Tulsion T344. The drug loading onto ion-exchange resin was optimized for mixing time, activation, effect of pH, swelling time, ratio of drug : resin, and temperature. The resinate was evaluated for micromeritic properties and characterized using XRPD and IR.

Periorbital Masson's tumor: a case series.

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) or Masson's tumor is an unusual variety of benign vascular tumor. Involvement of periorbital area is uncommon. We report 2 cases of periorbital IPEH and review relevant literature.

Acute dacryoadenitis in Crohn's disease.

A 48-year-old Filipino female presented with unilateral acute onset painful red eye, blurred vision and yellow discharge. On examination she had a corrected visual acuity of 6/5 in the right eye and 6/18 in the left eye. There was a left-sided periorbital swelling, with chemosis involving the bulbar conjunctiva on the temporal aspect.

Management of acute corneal hydrops secondary to keratoconus with intracameral injection of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).

Purpose: To report the use of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas in the management of corneal edema caused by acute corneal hydrops secondary to keratoconus.

Methods: Nine eyes with acute hydrops secondary to keratoconus managed by SF6 gas injected into the anterior chamber (group 1) were compared to another 9 eyes that were managed conservatively with conventional medical therapy (group 2).

Results: Of 9 eyes in group 1, 3 had 1 injection, 4 had 2 injections, and the remaining 2 had 3 injections into the anterior chamber.