Monocytes and B cells support active replication of Chandipura virus.

Background: Interaction between immune system and Chandipura virus (CHPV) during different stages of its life cycle remain poorly understood. The exact route of virus entry into the blood and CNS invasion has not been clearly defined. The present study was undertaken to assess the population in PBMC that supports the growth of virus and to detect active virus replication in PBMC as well as its subsets.

Development and characterization of reverse genetics system for the Indian West Nile virus lineage 1 strain 68856.

Our previous studies on West Nile virus (WNV) strains isolated from human patients in India suggested substantial variation at the genetic level reflecting their variable pathogenesis. This study describes the development of reverse genetics system for a neurovirulent WNV isolate 68856 and its characterization. Full length viral cDNA was cloned into bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) under the transcription control of T7 promoter.

Enteroviruses in patients with acute encephalitis, uttar pradesh, India.

An outbreak of viral encephalitis occurred in northern India in 2006. Attempts to identify an etiologic agent in cerebrospinal fluid by using reverse transcription-PCR showed positivity to enterovirus (EV) in 66 (21.6%) of 306 patients.

Detection and isolation of Japanese encephalitis virus from blood clots collected during the acute phase of infection.

Clinical specimens from an encephalitis outbreak in the Lakhimpur area of Uttar Pradesh, India, were investigated for identification and characterization of the etiologic agent. IgM capture ELISA showed recent Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection. JEV isolation was attempted from white blood cells (WBCs) separated from blood clots of 12 patients (9 IgM positive and 3 negative) by serial co-culturing with phytohemagglutinin P-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBMCs) obtained from pre-screened JEV sero-negative healthy individuals.

Chimeric T helper-B cell peptides induce protective response against Japanese encephalitis virus in mice.

Virus neutralizing MAb binding and T helper cell stimulating peptide epitopes from structural and non-structural proteins of Japanese encephalitis virus were delineated. It was observed that priming by T helper peptides potentiated neutralizing antibody response against JE virus. Immunization with chimeric T helper - B cell peptides could thus protect mice from lethal challenge with JE virus.